Exfoliation syndrome in Nigeria

Olawoye, Olusola; Ashaye, Adeyinka; Teng, Christopher C.; Liebmann, Jeffrey M.; Ritch, Robert; Ajayi, B G K

doi:10.4103/0974-9233.102759

Cited by 17 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, hospital-based studies tend to overestimate the proportion of ACG reporting a range of 6% to 18% of all glaucoma cases seen;54153–157 and this may be related to the health-seeking behavior in which the pain in acute ACG acts as a trigger for the need to obtain treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of glaucoma in Sub-Saharan Africa: Prevalence, incidence and risk factors

Kyari

Abdull

Bastawrous

et al. 2013

Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol

119

107

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Purpose:The purpose of this study is to review the epidemiology of different types of glaucoma relevant to Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and to discuss the evidence regarding the risk factors for onset and progression of glaucoma, including risk factors for glaucoma blindness.Methods:Electronic databases (PubMed, MedLine, African Journals Online- AJOL) were searched using the full text, Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms, author(s) and title to identify publications since 1982 in the following areas: population-based glaucoma prevalence and incidence studies in SSA and in African-derived black populations outside Africa; population-based prevalence and incidence of blindness and visual impairment studies in SSA including rapid assessment methods, which elucidate the glaucoma-specific blindness prevalence; studies of risk factors for glaucoma; and publications that discussed public health approaches for the control of glaucoma in Africa.Results:Studies highlighted that glaucoma in SSA is a public health problem and predominantly open-angle glaucoma. It is the second-leading cause of blindness, has a high prevalence, an early onset and progresses more rapidly than in Caucasians. These factors are further compounded by poor awareness and low knowledge about glaucoma even by persons affected by the condition.Conclusion:Glaucoma care needs to be given high priority in Vision 2020 programs in Africa. Many questions remain unanswered and there is a need for further research in glaucoma in SSA in all aspects especially epidemiology and clinical care and outcomes involving randomized controlled trials. Genetic and genome-wide association studies may aid identification of high-risk groups. Social sciences and qualitative studies, health economics and health systems research will also enhance public health approaches for the prevention of blindness due to glaucoma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of glaucoma in Sub-Saharan Africa: Prevalence, incidence and risk factors

Kyari

Abdull

Bastawrous

et al. 2013

Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol

119

107

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“…60 Exfoliation syndrome has since been described in multiple ethnicities and races around the world, including populations in the United States, 61,62 Iran, 63 Australia, 64 South Africa, 65 China, 66 India, 67 Sweden, 68 Jordan, 69 Japan, 70 Sri Lanka, 71 Spain, 72 Congo, 73 and Nigeria. 74 The Reykjavik Eye Study examined the prevalence and 5-year incidence of exfoliation syndrome in 1045 Icelanders over the age of 50 years. 75 The prevalence of exfoliation syndrome was significantly higher in women versus men (12.3% versus 8.7%) after controlling for the effect of age.…”

Section: Open Angle Glaucomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Difference in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Glaucoma

Tehrani

2014

Current Eye Research

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Glaucoma is the principal cause of irreversible blindness in the world, the second leading cause of blindness in the United States, and it results in optic nerve head axonal degeneration and corresponding visual field deficits. Intraocular pressure (IOP) is the only known modifiable risk factor in glaucoma. Non-modifiable risk factors for glaucoma include age, ethnicity, central corneal thickness, and family history. While our understanding of the role of gender as a risk factor in glaucoma development and progression remains nascent, multiple observations have shown gender differences in the incidence and prevalence of glaucoma. Depending on the type of glaucoma, hormone therapy, oral contraceptive use and menopausal status have also been associated with glaucoma. In addition, pregnancy leads to changes in IOP, while the treatment of glaucoma must be tailored based on the systemic effects of topical therapeutics on the mother and fetus. This review will focus on the epidemiologic, anatomic and endocrinologic differences in male and female glaucoma patients. In addition, this review will discuss treatment modalities that may be more appropriate for one gender than the other, especially with respect to a woman's pregnancy status.

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“…Manifesting most conspicuously in the eye, XFS is the commonest cause of secondary glaucoma world-wide 2 and is also a prognostic factor for progression of open-angle glaucoma 3 . This disease is common in many populations, with an estimated 60-70 million patients affected [4][5][6][7] . Exfoliation glaucoma (XFG) has a worse prognosis than other major types of glaucoma, and it is often resistant to intraocular pressure-lowering medical treatment, more often necessitating laser and surgical intervention 3,8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic association study of exfoliation syndrome identifies a protective rare variant at LOXL1 and five new susceptibility loci

et al. 2017

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Exfoliation syndrome (XFS) is the commonest known risk factor for secondary glaucoma and a significant cause of blindness worldwide. Variants in two genes, LOXL1 and CACNA1A have been previously associated with XFS. To further elucidate the genetic basis of XFS, we collected a global sample of XFS cases to refine the association at LOXL1, which previously showed inconsistent results between populations, and to identify new variants associated with XFS. We identified a rare, protective allele at LOXL1 (p.407Phe, OR = 25, P =2.9 × 10−14) through deep resequencing of XFS cases and controls from 9 countries. This variant results in increased cellular adhesion strength compared to the wild-type (p.407Tyr) allele. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of XFS cases and controls from 24 countries followed by replication in 18 countries identified seven genome-wide significant loci (P < 5 × 10−8). Index variants at the new loci map to chromosomes 13q12 (POMP), 11q23.3 (TMEM136), 6p21 (AGPAT1), 3p24 (RBMS3) and 5q23 (near SEMA6A). These findings provide biological insights into the pathology of XFS, and highlight a potential role for naturally occurring rare LOXL1 variants in disease biology.

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Exfoliation syndrome in Nigeria

Cited by 17 publications

References 18 publications

Epidemiology of glaucoma in Sub-Saharan Africa: Prevalence, incidence and risk factors

Epidemiology of glaucoma in Sub-Saharan Africa: Prevalence, incidence and risk factors

Gender Difference in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Glaucoma

Genetic association study of exfoliation syndrome identifies a protective rare variant at LOXL1 and five new susceptibility loci

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