This paper presents a performance improvement potential analysis of a booster-assisted ejector refrigeration system. Both conventional and advanced exergy analysis methods are used to obtain detailed information about the interactions among system components and the real improvement potential of the system. The results show that 61.6% of the system exergy destruction is caused by the components themselves. Furthermore, 55.5% of the overall exergy destruction can be avoided by improving component efficiencies. The ejector has the highest improvement priority, followed by the booster and the condenser. The influences of operational conditions on the ejector performance are also discussed. The avoidable exogenous part in ejector exergy destruction could be reduced by increasing the temperature of the motive flow, increasing the discharge pressure of the booster or decreasing the inlet water temperature in the condenser. INDEX TERMS Ejector, booster, refrigeration, improvement potential.