Exergy and economic analysis of a pyramid-shaped solar water purification system: Active and passive cases

Kianifar, Ali; Heris, Saeed Zeinali; Mahian, Omid

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2011.12.046

Cited by 153 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…As illustrated, exergy efficiency for the 12 th day was maximum, and its value was even more than those of 8 th and 9 th days that had the maximum productivity and thermal efficiency, respectively. Equations (32)(33)(34)(35)(36) elucidate that ambient temperature plays a significant role in the exergy efficiency magnitude. With an increase in the ambient temperature, the output exergy decreases while the input exergy increases and this consequently leads to the reduction of exergy efficiency.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Second Law Of Thermodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To calculate the exergy efficiency of the solar still, besides the amount of the solar radiation on solar still and the two collectors, it is needed to know the temperatures of ambient, basin water, and the inner surface of glass. Exergy efficiency of the solar still is defined as [29,35]:is the output exergy of solar still estimated by:is the input exergy to solar still, it can be demonstrated as: T indicates the surface temperature of the sun and assumed to be 6000 K. It should be mentioned due to low consumption of pump, its corresponding exergy has been neglected. …”

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Nanofluids effects on the evaporation rate in a solar still equipped with a heat exchanger

et al. 2017

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In this paper, the performance of a solar still equipped with a heat exchanger using nanofluids has been studied both experimentally and theoretically through three key parameters, i.e., freshwater yield, energy efficiency and exergy efficiency. First, experiments are performed on a set-up, which is mainly composed of two flat plate solar collectors connected in series, and a solar still equipped with a heat exchanger. After heated in the collectors, the nanofluid enters the heat exchanger installed in the solar still basin to exchange heat with brackish water. The research question is to know how much the effect of nanofluids on the evaporation rate inside the solar desalination system is. The experiments are conducted for different nanoparticle volume fractions, two sizes of nanoparticles (7 and 40 nm), two depths of water in the solar still basin (4 and 8 cm), and three mass flow rates of nanofluids during various weather conditions. It is found that the weather conditions (mainly the sun radiation intensity) have a dominant influence on the solar still performance. To discover the effects of nanofluids, a mathematical model is developed and validated by experimental data at given weather conditions. The results reveal that using the heat exchanger at temperatures lower than 60 o C is not advantageous and the corresponding yield is smaller than that of solar still without the heat exchanger; although in such a case, using 2 nanofluids as the working fluid in the heat exchanger can enhance the performance indices about 10%. At higher temperatures (e.g. 70 o C), the use of heat exchanger is beneficial; however, using nanofluids instead of water can augment the performance indices marginally i.e. just around 1%. In addition, it is found that in high temperatures using SiO 2 /water nanofluids, which have a lower effective thermal conductivity than that of Cu/water nanofluids, provides higher performance indices.Keywords: Nanofluids; Solar desalination; Heat exchanger; Freshwater yield 1-IntroductionNowadays, "Nano" and "Energy" have been two hot keywords, not only in the scientific community but also in our daily life. During recent decades, researchers have attempted to apply nanotechnology to various energy and power systems such as electric generators, fuel cells, batteries, and solar cells [1][2][3][4][5]. Nanotechnology has also been implemented to enhance the heat transfer potential of common liquids like water and oil to ameliorate the efficiency of thermal systems; this can be done through adding solid nanoparticles (particles with a size of 1-100 nm) to the liquids. The mixture of nanoparticles and conventional liquids is named "nanofluid" [6].Despite some limitations such as relatively high preparation cost and stability issues, extensive attempts have been made to develop the applications of nanofluids in energy systems such as solar energy based devices [7][8][9][10][11][12][13], cooling and thermal management of electronic equipment [14,15], grinding and drilling, absorption systems, medicine...

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Section: Second Law Of Thermodynamicsmentioning

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Nanofluids effects on the evaporation rate in a solar still equipped with a heat exchanger

et al. 2017

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“…Kianifar et al (2012) carried out an exergy analysis in a pyramid type solar desalination system with and without fan on the side of the glass. It was found that the evaporation rate increased for the system with fan ( fig 21) and daily productivity increased by about 15-20% and the exergy efficiency was higher for lower depth of water [71].Ahsan (2014) conducted parametric analysis in a passive triangular solar still (fig 19) by varying the depth of water and other climatic parameters. It was inferred that depth of water has an inverse effect on the daily productivity [72,73].…”

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“…The optimum angle for the pyramid glass cover is 50° to achieve maximum productivity [70]. Kianifar et al (2012) carried out an exergy analysis in a pyramid type solar desalination system with and without fan on the side of the glass. It was found that the evaporation rate increased for the system with fan ( fig 21) and daily productivity increased by about 15-20% and the exergy efficiency was higher for lower depth of water [71].…”

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Solar stills: A comprehensive review of designs, performance and material advances

Rufuss

Iniyan

Suganthi

et al. 2016

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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Energy and life cost analysis of a wet wall solar still with various pump working conditions

Heydari

Rahbar

2016

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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In this study, a basin type solar still is investigated whose enclosure walls are soaked with a periodic injection. The equipment was tested under the climatic conditions in Semnan, Iran. Two enclosures were manufactured for this purpose. One of them enjoyed a pump to soak the enclosure walls, while the other one was a conventional system with no such pump. In active chamber, effects of pump's working and off durations were investigated before being compared with those of a passive one. The results showed that the efficiency could be enhanced 7% and the rate of output fresh water could be increased ∼75% with the wet walls. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 36: 532–538, 2017

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Exergy and economic analysis of a pyramid-shaped solar water purification system: Active and passive cases

Cited by 153 publications

References 27 publications

Nanofluids effects on the evaporation rate in a solar still equipped with a heat exchanger

Nanofluids effects on the evaporation rate in a solar still equipped with a heat exchanger

Solar stills: A comprehensive review of designs, performance and material advances

Energy and life cost analysis of a wet wall solar still with various pump working conditions

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