Exercising in Times of Lockdown: An Analysis of the Impact of COVID-19 on Levels and Patterns of Exercise among Adults in Belgium

Constandt, Bram; Thibaut, Erik; Bosscher, Veerle De; Scheerder, Jeroen; Ricour, Margot; Willem, Annick

doi:10.3390/ijerph17114144

Cited by 347 publications

(489 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Here, we observed that responders reported a decrease in their weekly overall, moderate and intense PAs ( Figure 1 B); which was also independently correlated with a deterioration in their well-being ( Table 1 ). These results are consistent with two recent studies about COVID-19 lockdown in Portugal [ 20 ] and Belgium [ 21 ], in which both reported a decrease in energy expenditure during COVID-19 lockdown. We can therefore think that the lack of PA is a determining factor in the well-being under lockdown.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The importance of sleep and physical activity on well-being during COVID-19 lockdown: reunion island as a case study

Chouchou¹,

Augustini²,

Caderby³

et al. 2021

Sleep Medicine

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Background Lockdown has been one of the major worldwide strategies to control the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Its consequences on the well-being of individuals needs to be better understood. The objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of lockdown on the well-being of a general population and the factors associated with this potential impairment of well-being in a population that has been only lightly affected by COVID-19 such as in Reunion island, an overseas French department. Methods An online survey was proposed to the population of Reunion Island between the 35 th and 54 th days of lockdown relative to pre- and per-lockdown periods. Well-being was measured by the 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index, with some questions about sleep habits (Pittsburgh questionnaire), weekly physical activity (IPAQ), health, and lifestyle. Results Four hundred volunteers answered the survey. They reported a 15.7% decrease in well-being (p<0.001), accompanied by increased anxiety (p<0.001), decreased weekly physical activity (p<0.001), delayed and poorer quality sleep (p<0.001). Multivariate logistical analysis showed that impairment in well-being during lockdown was independently associated with an increase in anxiety (odds ratio (OR): 4.77 (3.26–6.98), p<0.001), decrease in weekly physical activity (OR: 0.58 (0.43–0.79), p<0.001), and poor-quality sleep (OR: 0.29 (0.19–0.43), p<0.001). Conclusions This study suggested an impairment in well-being during lockdown, associated with anxiety, lack of physical activity and sleep disruptions. Public policies must consider these factors as levers for improving the well-being of the population in order to effectively combat the spread of COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The importance of sleep and physical activity on well-being during COVID-19 lockdown: reunion island as a case study

Chouchou¹,

Augustini²,

Caderby³

et al. 2021

Sleep Medicine

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“…This is in line with our previous investigation, which showed that during home-confinement 48.6% of the participants from the same student population decreased their PA levels, and with other research performed with college students and adults from the United States of America and France, respectively [ 16 , 26 , 27 ]. Indeed, another study carried out in Belgium by Constandt et al reported a general increase of exercise, even with a concomitant increase of sedentary behaviors, in the Belgian adult population during the CoViD-19 lockdown [ 28 ]. These contrasting results were due to the fact that people who were previously under-active reported exercising more during the lockdown; while, among individuals who were already highly active before the pandemic, those above 55 years old, those with low education, those who used to exercise with friends or in a sport club, and those who were not using online tools to exercise, reported exercising less during home-confinement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedentary Behaviors and Physical Activity of Italian Undergraduate Students during Lockdown at the Time of CoViD−19 Pandemic

Gallé

Sabella

Ferracuti

et al. 2020

IJERPH

232

208

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Background: From March to May 2020, lockdown measures were adopted in Italy to contain the epidemic of the novel Coronavirus. People were forced to restrict their movement and social contacts, therefore having a higher risk of inactivity. This study, carried out among Italian undergraduates, explored their sedentary and physical activities (PA) during the lockdown with respect to their previous habits. Methods: An electronic questionnaire was administered once to students attending three Italian universities after the end of lockdown. Results: A total of 1430 students (mean age 22.9 ± 3.5 years, 65.5% females) completed the questionnaire. All the sedentary behaviors increased significantly, and all the physical activities decreased significantly during the lockdown. Time spent using electronic devices showed the highest increase (+52.4 min/day), and walking the greatest decrease (−365.5 min/week). Being younger than 22 years old, female, and previously active, attending the universities of Naples and Rome and having at least one graduate parent were associated with the achievement of recommended levels of PA even during the lockdown. Conclusions: This study highlights the reduction of PA among Italian undergraduates in the course of home-confinement due to the CoViD-19 pandemic. The practice of adequate PA during the lockdown was mainly associated with the previous adoption of an active lifestyle. Promoting active lifestyles during the non-pandemic period may have had positive effects also in case of lockdown.

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“…We posit that this is probably a consequence of the greater amount of free time available due to the increased rate of unemployment (22.7%; (95%CI 20.8–24.6)) during lockdown, or perhaps due to the natural body’s need for physical activity against inactivity, for volitional reaction against a sedentary style of life, or for health reasons [ 26 ]. Similarly, in two relevant studies in people aged 55+ (years, previously low activity) and body weight lifters, there was a slight increase in PA during lockdown, but it was not clear whether this increment resulted from leisure, sports, or other PA [ 30 , 31 ]. However, in our study, the augmented EE during leisure time activities did not compensate for the overall decremented EE during daily occupational, transportation, or sporting activities due to quarantine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Physical Activity in a Sample of Greek Adults

Bourdas

Zacharakis

2020

Sports

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It is well known that physical inactivity increases the risk of global death; however, the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown strategy on physical activity (PA) remains unclear. This study compared PA—i.e., daily occupation, transportation to and from daily occupation, leisure time activities, and regular sporting activities—prior (PRE) and during (POST) the on-going COVID-19 outbreak in the Greece lockdown environment. A Greek version of the web-based Active-Q questionnaire was used to access PA. The questionnaire was filled out twice (once each for the PRE and POST conditions) by 8495 participants (age = 37.2 ± 0.2 years (95% confidence interval (CI), 36.9–37.5); males = 38.3% (95%CI, 36.7–40.0); females = 61.7% (95%CI, 60.4–63.0). The relative frequency of overall sporting activities, which, prior to lockdown, occurred at least once per month, and overall participation in competitive sports was significantly reduced (8.6% (95%CI, 7.9–9.3) and 84.7% (95%CI, 82.9–86.6) respectively). With the exception of overall leisure time activities, which were significantly increased in the POST condition, daily occupational, transportation, and sporting activities significant reduced (p < 0.05). Overall PA was reduced in all genders, age, body mass index (BMI) and PA level subgroups in the POST condition, and an interaction between the males and High PA subgroups was observed. The change in overall PA (from PRE to POST conditions) was −16.3% (95%CI, −17.3 to −15.4), while in daily occupational, transportation, and sporting activities, it was −52.9% (95%CI, −54.8–51.0), −41.1% (95%CI, −42.8–39.5) and −23.9% (95%CI, −25.1–22.8), respectively. Thus, the lockdown period is highly associated with a negative change in overall PA. During lockdown, inactivity increased dramatically, with males and the high PA population affected significantly more. The decline in PA is a great concern due to possible long-term consequences on public health and healthcare system.

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Exercising in Times of Lockdown: An Analysis of the Impact of COVID-19 on Levels and Patterns of Exercise among Adults in Belgium

Cited by 347 publications

References 22 publications

The importance of sleep and physical activity on well-being during COVID-19 lockdown: reunion island as a case study

The importance of sleep and physical activity on well-being during COVID-19 lockdown: reunion island as a case study

Sedentary Behaviors and Physical Activity of Italian Undergraduate Students during Lockdown at the Time of CoViD−19 Pandemic

Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Physical Activity in a Sample of Greek Adults

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