Exercise Training Prevents Regain of Visceral Fat for 1 Year Following Weight Loss

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine what effect aerobic and resistance exercise training has on gain of visceral fat during the year following weight loss. After being randomly assigned to aerobic training, resistance training, or no exercise training, 45 European‐American (EA) and 52 African‐American (AA) women lost 12.3 ± 2.5 kg on a 800 kcal/day diet. Computed tomography was used to measure abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue, whereas total fat and regional fat (leg, arm, and trunk) were measured by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry after weight loss and 1 year following the weight loss. Because not all the subjects adhered to the 2 time/week 40 min/day exercise training during the 1‐year follow‐up, subjects were divided into five groups for analysis: aerobic adherers, aerobic nonadherers, resistance adherers, resistance nonadherers, and no exercise. No significant differences were observed between the aerobic training and resistance training adherers for any variable. However, the aerobic (3.1 kg) and resistance (3.9 kg) exercise adherers gained less weight than any of the other three groups (all >6.2 kg). In addition, the two exercise adherence groups did not significantly increase visceral fat (<0.8%) as compared with the 38% increase for the two nonadhering exercise groups and the 25% for the nonexercise group. In conclusion, as little as 80 min/week aerobic or resistance training had modest positive effects on preventing weight regain following a diet‐induced weight loss. More importantly, both aerobic and resistance training prevented regain of potentially harmful visceral fat.

Long-term weight status in regainers after weight loss by lifestyle intervention: status and challenges

“…The majority of the studies focused on obese subjects, with the exception of Hunter et al (49) and Nakade et al (57) who included both obese and overweight subjects. The studies were different in PA by demographic characteristics.…”

“…It should be underlined that sex differences between energy expenditure related to PA, appetite ratings and energy intake may lead to different patterns of energy intake and subsequent weight maintenance (61) . Very few reviewed intervention studies have explored whether the programmes based on diet and exercise gave better results regarding anthropometry than the use of one method alone (49,(57)(58)(59) . Often the PA is much more difficult to perform by obese subjects, because performance is related to public places.…”

Role of Resistance Exercise in Reducing Risk for Cardiometabolic Disease

“…Furthermore, a meta-analysis pooling data from progressive resistance exercise training studies in normotensive or hypertensive adults showed small but significant reductions in percent body fat without changes in body weight [11]. Interestingly, Hunter et al [12] showed that 80 min/wk of aerobic or resistance exercise prevented weight regain at 1-year follow-up, especially visceral fat, following a diet-induced weight loss program in overweight premenopausal women aged 21 to 46 years. Some resistance training studies in individuals with type 2 diabetes found reductions in waist circumference [13] and trunk adiposity [14] whereas others did not [15].…”

Potencial do treinamento físico para a prevenção de distúrbios metabólicos induzidos por dieta hipercalórica

“…O treinamento físico aeróbico tem sido constantemente recomendado para controle de peso corporal, prevenção e tratamento não farmacológico da obesidade, especialmente por promover aumento do gasto energético e, consequentemente, interferir diretamente no balanço energético (IRVING et al,2008;HUNTER et al,2009). Estudos publicados na literatura demonstraram que o treinamento físico favorece o uso de lipídios como fonte de energia, reduzindo, assim, a adiposidade e garantindo menor peso corporal (LIMA-SILVA et al, 2006;KEITH et al, 2006;GOLLISCH et al, 2009 Células adiposas expressam ambos receptores β e α-adrenérgicos.…”