Exercise training —/INS; Effects of MOTOmed® exercise on typical motor dysfunction in Parkinson's disease

The Application of Cycling and Cycling Combined with Feedback in the Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients: A Review

“…Passive cycling exercise can be used in people with ambulatory dysfunction in the acute rehabilitation setting who are too weak or medically unstable to do motor active movements to regain motor function. 16 The effects of cycling have been studied in different diseases and conditions, such as multiple sclerosis, 32 Parkinson disease (motor function, [33][34][35] executive function, 36 tremor, and bradykinesia 37 ), in elderly patients, 38 gait dysfunction (hip abductor weakness 39 ), and stroke. 3,4,40 The application of cycling in stroke patients, because of its high incidence and severe consequences, such as hemiparesis and hemiplegia, will be explored in the next sections.…”

Auditing the Physical Activity and Parkinson Disease Literature Using the Behavioral Epidemiologic Framework

“…Of the total articles, 135 were in phase 1 with a significant number of studies focusing on the link between physical activity and improvements in gait and mobility [29‐52], physical activity and motor symptoms associated with PD [39,44,53‐76], and activity and energy levels [77‐83]. Two articles showed mixed reviews on the impact of physical activity on walking performance and motor symptoms [84,85].…”

“…Furthermore, there were multiple studies demonstrating the benefits of physical activity in regards to falls [103‐107], balance [36,41,107‐112], trunk control [40,46,48,59,113‐116], and activities of daily living [29,57,117‐119]. Physical activity also was found to have a positive influence on strengthening [34,34,111,120‐122] and hand function [42,67‐69]. Several studies also focused on physical activity and safety [73,120,123,124], disease‐modifying capabilities [92,125‐127], and physiologic influences and improvement [128‐138].…”

Effects of MOTOmed movement therapy on the mobility and activities of daily living of stroke patients with hemiplegia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…MOTOmed movement therapy has achieved good clinical rehabilitation effects because of its intelligent technology and good visual feedback system. [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] Use of the system enhances muscle tone, endurance, and joint pliability, which contribute maximally to the improvement of mobility, balance, and activities of daily living. 43,44 These effects have been confirmed in other patients, such as children with cerebral palsy 34 and patients with Parkinson's disease.…”

“…43,44 These effects have been confirmed in other patients, such as children with cerebral palsy 34 and patients with Parkinson’s disease. 36 Laupheimer et al 36 found that device-supported “forced exercise” movement training of the lower extremities improved walking ability and hand motor function, suggesting that this approach affects central motor control processes in Parkinson’s disease. Ridgel et al 37 found that a four-week interval active-assisted cycling intervention improved motor function (Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale score), but did not affect balance, in individuals with Parkinson’s disease.…”