Exercise Therapy for Parkinson's Disease: Pedaling Rate Is Related to Changes in Motor Connectivity

Shah, Chintan; Beall, Erik B.; Frankemolle, Anneke M.M.; Penko, Amanda L.; Phillips, Michael; Lowe, Mark J.; Alberts, Jay L.

doi:10.1089/brain.2014.0328

Cited by 58 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…It is important to note that the FE approach required active participation from the participant and that cycling was not passive. The motor assisted the individual in achieving a pedaling rate 30% greater than their preferred voluntary rate as determined during CPX testing, a percentage increase that resulted in global motor improvements in our previous work with PD [22, 27]. For both exercise groups, cadence in revolutions per minute (rpm) and heart rate were recorded for each session.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic Exercise Preserves Olfaction Function in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease

Rosenfeldt

Dey

Alberts

2016

Parkinson's Disease

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Introduction. Based on anecdotal reports of improved olfaction following aerobic exercise, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of an 8-week aerobic exercise program on olfaction function in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods. Thirty-eight participants with idiopathic PD were randomized to either an aerobic exercise group (n = 23) or a nonexercise control group (n = 15). The aerobic exercise group completed a 60-minute cycling session three times per week for eight weeks while the nonexercise control group received no intervention. All participants completed the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) at baseline, end of treatment, and a four-week follow up. Results. Change in UPSIT scores between the exercise and nonexercise groups from baseline to EOT (p = 0.01) and from baseline to EOT+4 (p = 0.02) favored the aerobic exercise group. Individuals in the nonexercise group had worsening olfaction function over time, while the exercise group was spared from decline. Discussion. The difference in UPSIT scores suggested that aerobic exercise may be altering central nervous system pathways that regulate the physiologic or cognitive processes controlling olfaction in individuals with PD. While these results provide promising preliminary evidence that exercise may modify the disease process, further systematic evaluation is necessary.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic Exercise Preserves Olfaction Function in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease

Rosenfeldt

Dey

Alberts

2016

Parkinson's Disease

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“…In addition to changes in the magnitude of brain activity in M1, it has become clearer that PD patients also exhibit disruptions of the pattern of functional connectivity between cortical and subcortical motor regions . The abnormal cortico‐subcortical connectivity can be boosted, with recent results demonstrating that an improvement in pedaling rate in PD who had undergone exercise therapy was related to an increase in functional connectivity between M1 and thalamus . A linear increase in motor‐related connectivity between the putamen and M1 was also detected following levodopa intake in a cohort of PD who later developed levodopa‐induced dyskinesia .…”

Section: Functional Changes In the Motor Cortex Of Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging of Motor Cortex Physiology in Parkinson's Disease

Burciu

Vaillancourt

2018

Movement Disorders

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There is abundant evidence that the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is not confined to the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway but propagates along the cortico‐basal ganglia‐thalamo‐cortical neural network. A critical node in this functional circuit impacted by PD is the primary motor cortex (M1), which plays a key role in generating neural impulses that regulate movements. The past several decades have lay witness to numerous in vivo neuroimaging techniques that provide a window into the function and structure of M1. A consistent observation from numerous studies is that during voluntary movement, but also at rest, the functional activity of M1 is altered in PD relative to healthy individuals, and it relates to many of the motor signs. Although this abnormal functional activity can be partially restored with acute dopaminergic medication, it continues to deteriorate with disease progression and may predate structural degeneration of M1. The current review discusses the evidence that M1 is fundamental to the pathophysiology of PD, as measured by neuroimaging techniques such as positron emission tomography, single‐photon emission computed tomography, electroencephalography, magnetoencephalography, and functional and structural MRI. Although novel treatments that target the cortex will not cure PD, they could significantly slow down and alter the progressive course of the disease and thus improve clinical care for this degenerative disease. © 2018 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society

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“…This research identified the need for further studies with the CF intervention in parkinsonians, mainly related to the intensity appropriate for favorable cardiovascular effects. It is possible to identify research models with aerobic training in parkinsonians, but aimed at different objectives [29,30,32]. Thus, the analysis of the effectiveness of the training circuit as a method of conditioning becomes relevant due to the lack of the subject in the literature; however, this analysis in a restricted number of participants is a limitation of this study [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Group Physical Therapy in the Circuit Format a Model of Cardiovascular Conditioning in Parkinson's Disease?

Cc¹

2018

NNOAJ

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Introduction: In order to decline the progression of signs and symptoms and improve the functional condition of parkinsonians, physical exercise is important during rehabilitation, being intensity a relevant factor. However, still unclear whether group physiotherapy in the circuit format (CF) is capable of triggering better conditioning and positive cardiovascular changes in parkinsonians. Objective: To analyze the heart rate performance in Parkinsonians submitted to CF and correlate with the functional capacity to evaluate the effectiveness of the group physiotherapy in circuit format as a conditioning method. Material and Methods: Parkinsonians of both men and women, with Hoehn and Yahr between 1 and 3 participated in CF. Participants were submitted to an initial evaluation, in which Time Up and Go (TUG) were applied and Berg Balance Scale (BSE). After that, the blood pressure was measured, the cardiofrequencimetre device was placed and the participants were directed to the CF session, which consists of the practice of exercises in 10 different stations, assembled with sticks, chairs, ladder, ramp, cones, elastic tube and sign maps. The time station was 2 minutes and the total duration of each CF session was 50 minutes. Results: There was a significant difference when compared to BHR with MHR in each season, and training intensity provided by CF to parkinsonians was classified as very light and mild. In addition, there was no correlation between the values of MHR with TUG and BSE during CF.

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Exercise Therapy for Parkinson's Disease: Pedaling Rate Is Related to Changes in Motor Connectivity

Cited by 58 publications

References 51 publications

Aerobic Exercise Preserves Olfaction Function in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease

Aerobic Exercise Preserves Olfaction Function in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease

Imaging of Motor Cortex Physiology in Parkinson's Disease

Is Group Physical Therapy in the Circuit Format a Model of Cardiovascular Conditioning in Parkinson's Disease?

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