Exercise modulates the levels of growth inhibitor genes before and after multiple sclerosis

Shahidi, Seyed Houtan; Kordi, Mohammad Reza; Rajabi, Hamid; Malm, Christer; Shah, Farhan; Quchan, Amirhossein Saffar Kohneh

doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2020.577172

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Voluntary or forced exercise, before or after induction, is able to reduce the brain genetic pathway inhibiting axonal regeneration (Nogo-A, NgR, ROCK), being the target of the first agent introduced to restore cell damage in MS patients (opicinumab, an anti-LINGO-1 antibody) [147].…”

Section: Clinical Impact Of Exercise In Patients With Multiple Sclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The above-mentioned mechanisms may at least explain the effects of physical activity on the pathological hallmarks of the MS. Indeed, significant effects on demyelination, immune cell infiltration, and neurodegeneration have been demonstrated [138,139,143,147,150,151].…”

Section: Clinical Impact Of Exercise In Patients With Multiple Sclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The histopathological changes into CNS were correlated with benefits on the course of the disease such as delay disease onset, better clinical scores, and minor body weight loss [138][139][140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147]150,151].…”

Section: Clinical Impact Of Exercise In Patients With Multiple Sclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Nutritional Lifestyle and Physical Activity in Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis and Management: A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

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Studies on the role of nutritional factors and physical activity (PA) in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) go back a long time. Despite the intrinsic difficulty of studying their positive or negative role in MS, the interest of researchers on these topics increased during the last few decades, since the role of diet has been investigated with the perspective of the association with disease-modifying drugs (DMD). The association of DMD, diets, and PA might have an additive effect in modifying disease severity. Among the various diets investigated (low-carbohydrate, gluten-free, Mediterranean, low-fat, fasting-mimicking, and Western diets) only low-carbohydrate, Mediterranean, and fast-mimicking diets have shown both in animal models and in humans a positive effect on MS course and in patient-reported outcomes (PROs). However, the Mediterranean diet is easier to be maintained compared to fast-mimicking and low-carbohydrate diets, which may lead to detrimental side effects requiring careful clinical monitoring. Conversely, the Western diet, which is characterized by a high intake of highly saturated fats and carbohydrates, may lead to the activation of pro-inflammatory immune pathways and is therefore not recommended. PA showed a positive effect both in animal models as well as on disease course and PROs in humans. Training with combined exercises is considered the more effective approach.

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Section: Clinical Impact Of Exercise In Patients With Multiple Sclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Impact Of Exercise In Patients With Multiple Sclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Nutritional Lifestyle and Physical Activity in Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis and Management: A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

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“…10 Both forced swimming and voluntary running paradigms begun prior to immunization reduced the amount of demyelination, and preserved dendritic spines and axonal loss. 11,12 Exercise prevented EAEassociated memory decline by increasing hippocampal neurogenesis 13 when initiated prior to and during EAE. Environmental enrichment (housing in cages containing various objects including running wheels) reduced EAE clinical severity, and increased the number of proliferating oligodendrocyte lineage cells.…”

Section: Benefits Of Exercise For the Cns In Ms: Lessons From Animal ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise and the brain in multiple sclerosis

Lozinski

Yong

2020

Mult Scler

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While people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) historically were advised to avoid physical activity to reduce symptoms such as fatigue, they are now encouraged to remain active and to enlist in programs of exercise. However, despite an extensive current literature that exercise not only increases physical well-being but also their cognition and mental health, many PwMS are not meeting recommended levels of exercise. Here, we emphasize the impact and mechanisms of exercise on functional and structural changes to the brain, including improved connectome, neuroprotection, neurogenesis, oligodendrogenesis, and remyelination. We review evidence from animal models of multiple sclerosis (MS) that exercise protects and repairs the brain, and provide supportive data from clinical studies of PwMS. We introduce the concept of MedXercise, where exercise provides a brain milieu particularly conducive for a brain regenerative medication to act upon. The emphasis on exercise improving brain functions and repair should incentivize PwMS to remain physically active.

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“…In mice this typically takes the form of voluntary wheel running (VWR) where an animal is placed in a cage with a regular running wheel and may run on the wheel as they please. Forced physical exercise, often treadmill running or swimming, can be defined as a structured physical task that a researcher imposes on a subject against one's will that results in energy expenditure through a series of repeated bodily movements ( Bernardes, Brambilla, et al, 2016 ; Bernardes, Oliveira-Lima, et al, 2013 ; Chen et al, 2019 ; Deforges et al, 2009 ; Shahidi et al, 2020 ; Younsi et al, 2020 ). The effects of both motor learning and exercise appear to be time sensitive and critical windows exist for their effectiveness in adaptive myelination ( Makinodan et al, 2012 ; Xiao et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor Learning and Physical Exercise in Adaptive Myelination and Remyelination

2022

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The idea that myelination is driven by both intrinsic and extrinsic cues has gained much traction in recent years. Studies have demonstrated that myelination occurs in an intrinsic manner during early development and continues through adulthood in an activity-dependent manner called adaptive myelination. Motor learning, the gradual acquisition of a specific novel motor skill, promotes adaptive myelination in both the healthy and demyelinated central nervous system (CNS). On the other hand, exercise, a physical activity that involves planned, structured and repetitive bodily movements that expend energy and benefits one's fitness, promotes remyelination in pathology, but it is less clear whether it promotes adaptive myelination in healthy subjects. Studies on these topics have also investigated whether the timing of motor learning or physical exercise is important for successful addition of myelin. Here we review our current understanding of the relationship of motor skill learning and physical exercise on myelination.

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Exercise modulates the levels of growth inhibitor genes before and after multiple sclerosis

Cited by 15 publications

References 61 publications

The Role of Nutritional Lifestyle and Physical Activity in Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis and Management: A Narrative Review

The Role of Nutritional Lifestyle and Physical Activity in Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis and Management: A Narrative Review

Exercise and the brain in multiple sclerosis

Motor Learning and Physical Exercise in Adaptive Myelination and Remyelination

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