Exercise Interventions in Children and Adolescents With ADHD: A Systematic Review

Neudecker, Christina; Mewes, Nadine; Reimers, Anne K.; Wöll, Alexander

doi:10.1177/1087054715584053

Cited by 108 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 83 publications

(202 reference statements)

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“…For reviews, see the following (Halperin, Berwid, & O’Neill, 2014; Neudecker, Mewes, Reimers, & Woll, 2015). Exercise appears to be particularly important for the normal development of executive function (Guiney & Machado, 2013; Hillman, 2014), a key driver of symptoms of inattention and disorganization in ADHD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Lifestyle Factors and ADHD in Children

Holton

Nigg

2016

J Atten Disord

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Objective The objective of the study is to examine whether children aged 7 to 11 years with very well-characterized ADHD, recruited from the community, have a similar number of healthy lifestyle behaviors as compared with typically developing children from the same community. Method Parents of children with (n = 184) and without (n = 104) ADHD completed a lifestyle questionnaire asking about water intake, sweetened beverage consumption, multivitamin/supplement use, reading, screen time, physical activity, and sleep. A lifestyle index was formed from these seven domains (0–7), and multivariable ordered logistic regression was used to examine the association of ADHD status and total healthy lifestyle behaviors. Results Children with ADHD were almost twice as likely to have fewer healthy behaviors, even after adjustment for age, sex, intelligence quotient (IQ), ADHD medication use, household income, and four comorbid psychiatric disorders (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval] = 1.95 [1.16, 3.30], p = .01). Conclusion Future research is needed to assess the effects of a combined lifestyle intervention in this group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Lifestyle Factors and ADHD in Children

Holton

Nigg

2016

J Atten Disord

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“…Beneficial effects of exercise on ADHD symptoms are reported to occur via dopaminergic and noradrenergic regulation, similar with the effects of stimulant medications which are the mainstay of ADHD treatment (Wigal et al 2013). However, it is not clear what type of exercise should be recommended, and there is no evidence-based definition of ideal frequency, intensity, or duration of exercise for patients with ADHD (Neudecker et al 2015).…”

Section: Exercise Addiction and Adhdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comorbidity between Behavioral Addictions and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: a Systematic Review

Karaca

Saleh

Canan

et al. 2016

Int J Ment Health Addiction

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We aimed to conduct a systematic review to examine the rates of comorbid Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and various behavioral addictions, including gambling disorder, food addiction/binge-eating disorder, sex addiction/hypersexuality disorder, Internet addiction/Internet gaming disorder, compulsive buying disorder, and exercise addiction. PubMed and Web of Science were searched for articles published before December, 2015. Exclusion criteria were studies with either behavioral addictions or ADHD only, but not both; review articles, case reports, case series, book chapters, and letters to the editor. Studies not using standardized diagnostic criteria for ADHD, gambling disorder, or binge-eating disorder were also excluded. Of the 3126 citations found, 14 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Five reported results for rates of comorbid ADHD and gambling disorder, three for those of ADHD and binge-eating disorder, two for those of ADHD and sex addiction, and four for those of ADHD and Internet addiction. No studies were found to report rates of comorbid ADHD and compulsive buying disorder or exercise addiction. The prevalence of comorbid ADHD in individuals with behavioral addictions ranged from 5.8 % to 88.3 %. The prevalence of comorbid behavioral addictions in those with ADHD ranged from 5.9 % to 71.8 %. This systematic review revealed a high degree of co-occurrence of ADHD and behavioral addictions. The findings of this review shed light on the need to explore the links between ADHD and behavioral addictions and their implications for treatment.

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“…For example, in a recent study it was shown that a 6‐week intervention of cognitively demanding team games, but not a pure aerobic exercise intervention, had a positive effect on primary school children's EFs . Similarly, in children with ADHD, there seems to be evidence that mixed physical exercises (including multiple activities) might have the greatest potential to improve ADHD symptoms . Furthermore, this was highlighted in an influential review indicating that activities including physical and cognitive challenges might serve as treatment for ADHD .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of exergaming on executive functions in children with ADHD: A randomized clinical trial

Benzing

Schmidt

2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

110

151

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Background Children with ADHD frequently suffer from deficits in cognitive (ie, executive functions) and motor abilities. Although medication usually has a positive effect, a lack of commitment and possible side effects result in a need for adjunct or alternative treatments. Thus, the aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of cognitively and physically demanding exergaming on executive functions, ADHD symptoms, and motor abilities. Methods In a parallel group randomized trial, 51 children between 8‐12 years (M = 10.63; SD = 1.32) diagnosed with ADHD were assigned either to an 8‐week exergame intervention group (three training sessions per week for 30 minutes) or a waiting‐list control group. The core executive functions (inhibition, switching, updating), parent ratings of symptoms, and motor abilities were assessed/gathered before and after the intervention. Results Analyses of covariance (using pre‐test values as covariates) revealed that children in the exergame intervention group improved in specific executive functions (reaction times in inhibition and switching), general psychopathology as well as motor abilities compared to control group. Conclusions Findings indicate that exergaming might benefit two domains in which frequent deficits can be observed in children with ADHD, executive functions and motor abilities. Given that these beneficial effects in turn might positively affect psychopathology, exergaming could serve as an individualized home‐based intervention in the future. However, in order to maximize benefits and make exergaming a valuable adjunct to treatment for children with ADHD, customized exergames are needed.

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Exercise Interventions in Children and Adolescents With ADHD: A Systematic Review

Cited by 108 publications

References 83 publications

The Association of Lifestyle Factors and ADHD in Children

The Association of Lifestyle Factors and ADHD in Children

Comorbidity between Behavioral Addictions and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: a Systematic Review

The effect of exergaming on executive functions in children with ADHD: A randomized clinical trial

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