Exercise-induced nausea is exaggerated by eating

Kondo, Takaaki; Nakae, Yasuyuki; Mitsui, Takahiro; Kagaya, Mieko; Matsutani, Yasuko; Horibe, Hiroshi; Read, N. W.

doi:10.1006/appe.2000.0391

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…On average our participants consumed their food at least 1.5 h before exercising while other studies showed GI symptoms were only present when eaten within 30 min before exercising 13 24…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Nutritional indicators for gastrointestinal symptoms in female runners: the ‘Marikenloop study’

et al. 2014

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ObjectivesAmong runners the reported prevalence of exercise-induced gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms is high (25%–83%). We aimed to investigate the prevalence of GI symptoms in women during a 5–10 km run in general and to explore the association between nutritional intakes and GI symptoms.SettingAs part of the Marikenloop-study (a cohort study to identify predictor variables of running injuries), a cross-sectional questionnaire was distributed in interested runners of the ‘2013 Marikenloop’.Participants433 female runners filled in the questionnaire.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome measure was the frequency of running-related GI symptoms during running in general and during the last (training) run. Furthermore, dietary intake was determined before and during this run. Secondary outcome measures were several demographic and anthropometric variables.ResultsDuring running in general, 40% of the participants suffered from GI symptoms and during their last run, 49%. The GI symptoms side ache, flatulence, urge to defecate and regurgitation and/or belching were most commonly reported. Lower age (OR=0.98, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.00), minor running experience (OR=3.1, 95% CI 1.7 to 5.7), higher body mass index (OR=1.1, 95% CI 1.0 to 1.2), consuming carbohydrate-containing drinks during running (OR=10.5, 95% CI 1.4 to 80.3) and experiencing GI symptoms during running in general OR=5.0, 95% CI 3.2 to 7.8) significantly contributed to GI symptoms during the last run in the logistic regression analysis. In contrast, time of eating and carbohydrate-containing drinks consumed prior to the run were not related to GI symptoms.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the current study confirms the high prevalence of GI symptoms in female runners. Several predictor variables contributed to the GI symptoms but more research is needed to specify the effects of prerunning eating and carbohydrate-containing drinks on GI symptoms during running.Trial registration numberMarikenloop study 2013: 50-50310-98-156 (ZonMw).

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“…On average our participants consumed their food at least 1.5 h before exercising while other studies showed GI symptoms were only present when eaten within 30 min before exercising 13 24…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Nutritional indicators for gastrointestinal symptoms in female runners: the ‘Marikenloop study’

et al. 2014

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“…The presence of reflux of stomach contents along with changes in esophageal motility, sphincter tone, and GI ischemia causing increased mucosal permeability likely contributes to the increased incidence of nausea and vomiting associated with exercise. Postprandial exercise exhibits a similar increase in the incidence of nausea and vomiting as was observed with GERD (17,24). The symptoms of nausea and vomiting, however, are not limited to training or competing, as many athletes will have symptoms even at rest, when not training (35).…”

Section: Nausea and Vomitingmentioning

confidence: 75%

Upper Gastrointestinal Issues in Athletes

Waterman

Kapur

2012

Current Sports Medicine Reports

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Gastrointestinal (GI) complaints are common among athletes with rates in the range of 30% to 70%. Both the intensity of sport and the type of sporting activity have been shown to be contributing factors in the development of GI symptoms. Three important factors have been postulated as contributing to the pathophysiology of GI complaints in athletes: mechanical forces, altered GI blood flow, and neuroendocrine changes. As a result of those factors, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), nausea, vomiting, gastritis, peptic ulcers, GI bleeding, or exercise-related transient abdominal pain (ETAP) may develop. GERD may be treated with changes in eating habits, lifestyle modifications, and training modifications. Nausea and vomiting may respond to simple training modifications, including no solid food 3 hours prior to an athletic event. Mechanical trauma, decreased splanchnic blood flow during exercise, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) contribute to gastritis, GI bleeding, and ulcer formation in athletes. Acid suppression with proton-pump inhibitors may be useful in athletes with persistence of any of the above symptoms. ETAP is a common, poorly-understood, self-limited acute abdominal pain which is difficult to treat. ETAP incidence increases in athletes beginning a new exercise program or increasing the intensity of their current exercise program. ETAP may respond to changes in breathing patterns or may resolve simply with continued training. Evaluation of the athlete with upper GI symptoms requires a thorough history, a detailed training log, a focused physical examination aimed at ruling out potentially serious causes of symptoms, and follow-up laboratory testing based on concerning physical examination findings.

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“…Motion sickness is a common consequence of athletic concussion [2], [48]; however, athletes sometimes experience motion sickness in the absence of concussion, and in the absence of any head trauma [51], [52]. Thus, in the present study it is possible that post-bout motion sickness occurred in the absence of significant head trauma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Pre-Bout Standing Body Sway Differs between Adult Boxers Who Do and Do Not Report Post-Bout Motion Sickness

et al. 2012

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BackgroundMotion sickness is characterized by subjective symptoms that include dizziness and nausea. Studies have shown that subjective symptoms of motion sickness are preceded by differences in standing body sway between those who experience the symptoms and those who are not. Boxers often report dizziness and nausea immediately after bouts. We predicted that pre-bout standing body sway would differ between boxers who experienced post-bout motion sickness and those who did not.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe collected data on standing body sway before bouts. During measurement of body sway participants performed two visual tasks. In addition, we varied stance width (the distance between the heels). Postural testing was conducted separately before and after participants' regular warm-up routines. After bouts, we collected self-reports of motion sickness incidence and symptoms. Results revealed that standing body sway was greater after warm-up than before warm-up, and that wider stance width was associated with reduced sway. Eight of 15 amateur boxers reported motion sickness after a bout. Two statistically significant interactions revealed that standing body sway before bouts differed between participants who reported post-bout motion sickness and those who did not.Conclusions/SignificanceThe results suggest that susceptibility to motion sickness in boxers may be manifested in characteristic patterns of body sway. It may be possible to use pre-bout data on postural sway to predict susceptibility to post-bout motion sickness.

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Exercise-induced nausea is exaggerated by eating

Cited by 20 publications

References 13 publications

Nutritional indicators for gastrointestinal symptoms in female runners: the ‘Marikenloop study’

Nutritional indicators for gastrointestinal symptoms in female runners: the ‘Marikenloop study’

Upper Gastrointestinal Issues in Athletes

Pre-Bout Standing Body Sway Differs between Adult Boxers Who Do and Do Not Report Post-Bout Motion Sickness

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