Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage and Cardiac Stress During a Marathon Could be Associated with Dietary Intake During the Week Before the Race

Abstract

Adequate food intake is important prior to endurance running competitions to facilitate adequate exercise intensity. However, no investigations have examined whether dietary intake could prevent exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and cardiac stress (EICS). Thus, this study’s objective was to determine the associations between EIMD, EICS and endurance athlete diets one week before a marathon race. Sixty-nine male runners participated in this study. Food intake during the week prior to the race was collected through a seven-day weighed food record. Dietary intake on race day was also recorded. At the end of the marathon, blood samples were drawn to determine serum creatine kinase (CK) and myoglobin, and muscle–brain isoform creatine kinase (CK-MB), prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), cardiac troponin I (TNI), and cardiac troponin T (TNT) concentration as markers of EIMD and EICS, respectively. To determine the association between these variables, a stepwise regression analysis was carried out. The dependent variable was defined as EIMD or EICS and the independent variables were defined as the number of servings within each different food group. Results showed that the intake of meat during the previous week was positively associated with post-race CK (Standardized Coefficients (β) = 0.643; p < 0.01) and myoglobin (β = 0.698; p < 0.001). Vegetables were negatively associated the concentration of post-race CK (β = −0.482; p = 0.002). Butter and fatty meat were positively associated with NT-proBNP (β = 0.796; p < 0.001) and TNI (β = 0.396; p < 0.001) post-marathon values. However, fish intake was negatively associated with CK (β = −0.272; p = 0.042), TNI (β = −0.593; p < 0.001) and TNT (β = −0.640; p = 0.002) post-marathon concentration. Olive oil was negatively associated with TNI (β = −0.536; p < 0.001) and TNT (β = −0.415; p = 0.021) values. In conclusion, the consumption of meat, butter, and fatty meat might be associated with higher levels of EIMD and EICS. On the other hand, fish, vegetables, and olive oil might have a protective role against EIMD and EICS. The selection of an adequate diet before a marathon might help to reduce some of the acute burdens associated with marathon races.

A 2 Week Cross-over Intervention with a Low Carbohydrate, High Fat Diet Compared to a High Carbohydrate Diet Attenuates Exercise-Induced Cortisol Response, but Not the Reduction of Exercise Capacity, in Recreational Athletes

“…The same holds true for the dietary habits of the participants prior to our study. It has been found that regular consumption of specific food products is associated with differences in exercise-induced muscle damage and cardiac stress [45], which might have influenced cortisol response and perceived exhaustion. Next to this, it is recommendable to repeat the study in female athletes, as they are underreported in research.…”

Effects of 120 vs. 60 and 90 g/h Carbohydrate Intake during a Trail Marathon on Neuromuscular Function and High Intensity Run Capacity Recovery

“…The athletes obtained a personalized diet for a 48-h period prior to T1 and marathon race day with 9 g CHO/kg BM/day, 1.5 g protein/kg BM/day and 0.5 g fat/kg BM/day to adjust their glycogen content. This diet comprised, among other foods, vegetables, olive oil and fish, although it did not contain any fatty meat or butter [ 41 ]. Moreover, runners had breakfast (2 g CHO/kg BM) at the ElikaEsport Health Center 3 h prior to commencement of the mountain marathon race.…”

Exogenous biological renal support improves kidney function in rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury in mice

“…Rhabdomyolysis (RM) is a clinical syndrome characterised by the breakdown of skeletal muscle bres and release of their contents into the circulation [1]. It can be caused by many reasons, such as trauma [2,3], heat exposure [4], marathons [5], drugs [6] and viruses (such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)) [7][8][9]. Myoglobin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most severe complications of RM [10].…”