Exercise induced dyspnea in the young. Larynx as the bottleneck of the airways

Røksund, Ola Drange; Maat, Robert Christiaan; Heimdal, John‐Helge; Olofsson, Jan; Skadberg, Britt T.; Halvorsen, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2009.05.024

Cited by 97 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This study provided Simultaneous laryngeal endoscopy and airflow measures have been collected in prior studies of phonation and vocal fold obstruction during exercise. 73,[84][85][86][87] In this study, the simultaneous measurement procedures were well tolerated across participants, except for instances of gagging with two MND subjects.…”

Section: Chapter Iv: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Associations Between Laryngeal and Cough Dysfunction in Motor Neuron Disease with Bulbar Involvement

et al. 2014

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Section: Chapter Iv: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Associations Between Laryngeal and Cough Dysfunction in Motor Neuron Disease with Bulbar Involvement

et al. 2014

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“…To confirm PVFMD, an examiner typically views the larynx using laryngoscopy once the symptomatic behavior is triggered (Balkissoon & Kenn;Christopher et al, 1983;Røksund et al, 2009;Tervonen et al, 2009). In previous publications, we demonstrated construct validity and test-retest reliability (Gallena, Solomon, Johnson, Vossoughi, & Tian, 2014) of a less intrusive method to infer laryngeal airway patency.…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The larynx accounts for a significant part of total airway resistance during both rest and exercise (Ferris, Mead, & Opie, 1963;Røksund et al, 2009), and the APD has been used to noninvasively detect changes in laryngeal airway resistance . Even during normal resting tidal breathing (RTB), the vocal folds abduct for inspiration and adduct slightly for expiration (Balkissoon, 2007;Beaty, Wilson, & Smith, 1999;England & Bartlett, 1982), which are changes that have been supported by APD measures (Johnson et al, 2007;Silverman, Johnson, Scott, & Koh, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Effect of Exercise on Respiratory Resistance in Athletes With and Without Paradoxical Vocal Fold Motion Disorder

Gallena

Solomon

Johnson

et al. 2015

Am J Speech Lang Pathol

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a,e Purpose: An investigational, portable instrument was used to assess inspiratory (R i ) and expiratory (R e ) resistances during resting tidal breathing (RTB), postexercise breathing (PEB), and recovery breathing (RB) in athletes with and without paradoxical vocal fold motion disorder (PVFMD). Method: Prospective, controlled, repeated measures withinsubject and between-groups design. Twenty-four teenage female athletes, 12 with and 12 without PVFMD, breathed into the Airflow Perturbation Device for baseline measures of respiratory resistance and for two successive 1-min trials after treadmill running for up to 12 min. Exercise duration and dyspnea ratings were collected and compared across groups. Results: Athletes with PVFMD had lower than control R i and R e values during RTB that significantly increased at PEB and decreased during RB. Control athletes' R e decreased significantly from RTB to PEB but not from PEB to RB, whereas R i did not change from RTB to PEB but decreased from PEB to RB. Athletes without PVFMD ran longer, providing lower dyspnea ratings. Conclusion: Immediately following exercise, athletes with PVFMD experienced increased respiratory resistance that affected their exercise performance. The difference in resting respiratory resistances between groups is intriguing and could point to anatomical differences or neural adaptation in teenagers with PVFMD. The Airflow Perturbation Device appears to be a clinically feasible tool that can provide insight into PVFMD and objective data for tracking treatment progress.

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“…A maximum-intensity treadmill run, when audible inspiratory stridor occurs during maximum intensity, can confirm the diagnosis. The diagnosis is further verified by continuous laryngoscopic exercise testing [64,65]. There are different treatment modalities for exercise-induced VCD, and No effect of pre-treatment with inhaled bronchodilator [65] Exercise-induced hyperventilation Hyperventilation with respiratory dyspnoea and increased end-tidal carbon dioxide [67] EIAH Occurs in well-trained athletes with high maximum oxygen uptake Primarily thought to be due to diffusion limitations and ventilation-perfusion inequality…”

Section: Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis Of Eia In Adolescent Atmentioning

confidence: 99%

The breathless adolescent asthmatic athlete

Kh¹

2011

European Respiratory Journal

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This article concerns physical activity and sports in asthmatic adolescents. Exerciseinduced asthma (EIA) is found in 8-10% of the normal child population and in ,35% of children with current asthma, as reported in a population-based birth cohort study.The mechanisms of EIA are related to markedly increased ventilation during exercise, which causes increased heat and water loss through respiration, leading to bronchial constriction. In athletes and especially in endurance athletes, the repeated daily physical activity during training will, over time, cause epithelial damage and increase inflammation in the respiratory mucosa. With increased exposure to environmental agents, such as as cold air in skiers and chlorine compounds in swimmers, the athlete may contract symptoms and signs of asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness, either worsening existing asthma or causing symptoms in a previous healthy adolescent athlete.There are several causes of breathlessness in adolescents, including EIA, vocal cord dysfunction, poor physical fitness and others, which are important to consider in the diagnostic procedure.The asthmatic athlete should follow the same guidelines for treating their asthma as an ordinary asthmatic patient, with careful consideration of the special diagnostic rules given for the use of asthma drugs in sports, especially for inhaled b 2 -agonists.

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Exercise induced dyspnea in the young. Larynx as the bottleneck of the airways

Cited by 97 publications

References 26 publications

Associations Between Laryngeal and Cough Dysfunction in Motor Neuron Disease with Bulbar Involvement

Associations Between Laryngeal and Cough Dysfunction in Motor Neuron Disease with Bulbar Involvement

The Effect of Exercise on Respiratory Resistance in Athletes With and Without Paradoxical Vocal Fold Motion Disorder

The breathless adolescent asthmatic athlete

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