Exercise increases insulin clearance in healthy man and insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus patients

Abstract

Exercise is known to decrease insulin secretion, but the effect on insulin clearance is unclear. We examined the effect of exercise in insulin clearance with euglycaemic insulin clamp in 28 healthy men either 12 h after a marathon run (n = 14) or 44 h after a 2-h treadmill exercise (n = 14), and in seven insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients 12 h after a marathon run, and after a resting, control day. During the post-exercise insulin infusion, steady-state plasma insulin concentration was reduced by 9% in healthy men after both types of exercise, and by 16% in the diabetic subjects compared with the control study (P < 0.05 in all). In healthy men, C-peptide concentrations were more than one-third lower during insulin infusion, both after the marathon run (P < 0.001) or treadmill exercise (P < 0.02) compared with the control study. Insulin clearance was significantly increased by exercise both in healthy men (9% P < 0.05) and in IDDM subjects (15%, P < 0.05). After exercise, endogenous insulin secretion in healthy men is reduced and insulin clearance is enhanced both in healthy men and in IDDM patients. Decreased insulin availability may allow enhanced muscle lipid utilization and spare glucose after long-term exercise.

Racial Differences in Insulin Secretion and Sensitivity in Prepubertal Children: Role of Physical Fitness and Physical Activity

“…and adolescents (13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Thus, the beneficial influence of physical activity on insulin secretion and action, and thereby on reduction of disease risk, seems to be operative early in life.…”

“…The intensity of physical activity may be more important for children than for adults in modifying insulin action, but this hypothesis should be tested with a more thorough questionnaire or by a more rigorous means of assessing physical activity. Because physical activity may play a role in reducing disease risk (13)(14)(15)(16)(17), the importance of intensity should be clarified through future studies.…”

“…In adults, physical activity is inversely associated with insulin concentration and development of type 2 diabetes and positively related to insulin sensitivity and insulin clearance (13)(14)(15)(16)(17). In prepubertal children, information regarding the role of physical fitness and physical activity in insulin secretion and sensitivity is limited.…”

Mathematical investigation of diabetically impaired ultradian oscillations in the glucose–insulin regulation

“…In Section 4, we consider it as a combination of natural (for example, exercise [38]) and artificial (for example, through use of Rosiglitazone [13]) mechanisms, and as a function of α and β to investigate how it can be used to compensate for the effects of a reduced insulin secretion (α) and/or an increased insulin resistance (β) on an appropriate oscillatory regime.…”

The Effect of Exercise on the Absorption of Inhaled Human Insulin via the AERx Insulin Diabetes Management System in People With Type 1 Diabetes

“…Increased absorption/absorption rate as an effect of exercise is well known for other inhaled substances such as technetium 99m-labeled diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid (13,14), nedocromil sodium (15), and terbutaline (16). In a recent preliminary study in healthy volunteers who exercised after inhalation of insulin via a nebulizer system, we saw clinically relevant effects of exercise (17) and thus warranted further investigations in people with type 1 diabetes who respond differently to exercise than healthy people (18). People with diabetes might perform increased physical activity (exercise) at different time points after dosing, and the impact of timing of exercise on insulin absorption is therefore of interest.…”