Exercise dynamics in late gestation: Effects of physical training

Morton, Mark J.; Paul, Marilyn S.; Campos, G.; Hart, Mark V.; Metcalfe, James

doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(85)80187-3

Cited by 51 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…El volumen sistólico suele incrementarse durante el embarazo 2,13 ; este incremento suele ser mayor, tanto en reposo como durante el ejercicio, si la gestante es físicamente activa [28][29][30] .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Efectos de un programa de ejercicio físico supervisado sobre la estructura cardiaca durante la gestación. Ensayo clínico aleatorizado

Perales¹,

Luaces²,

Moro³

et al. 2012

Progresos de Obstetricia y Ginecología

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Recibido el 11 de julio de 2011; aceptado el 11 de enero de 2012 Accesible en línea el 22 de marzo de 2012 PALABRAS CLAVE Embarazo; Ejercicio físico; Sistema cardiovascularResumen Objetivo: Analizar la seguridad del ejercicio aeróbico para el sistema cardiovascular de las mujeres gestantes y valorar las posibles mejoras cardiovasculares producidas.Sujetos y métodos: Se diseñó un ensayo clínico aleatorizado, no apareado, no enmascarado. El registro de datos se realizó en las semanas 20 y 34 de gestación. En la semana 20, se estudió a 45 gestantes del grupo de ejercicio (GE), de las cuales completaron el estudio 35. Del grupo de control (GC), en la semana 20 participaron 14, y completaron el estudio 9.Resultados: En la semana 20 hubo mejoras en el índice de masa corporal (GE: 25,1 AE 4,3/GC: 27,9 AE 4,5) (p = 0,04) y en la presión arterial sistólica (GE: 104,7 AE 10,9/GC: 112,5 AE 11,3) (p = 0,02). En el GC hubo presencia de hipertrofia concéntrica (n = 2, 14,3%). En la semana 34, el GE presentó un mayor volumen sistólico (GE: 52,33 AE 10,42/GC: 43,69 AE 9,48) (p = 0,03).Conclusión: El ejercicio aeróbico durante el embarazo es seguro para el sistema cardiovascular, mejorando incluso algunos parámetros.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Nuestros resultados en relación con el volumen sistólico coinciden con ciertos autores 13,[28][29][30] , ya que en las gestantes del GE es significativamente mayor que en las gestantes del GC. Además, encontramos diferencias significativas en el DTDVI siendo mayor en el GC que en el GE.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Efectos de un programa de ejercicio físico supervisado sobre la estructura cardiaca durante la gestación. Ensayo clínico aleatorizado

Perales¹,

Luaces²,

Moro³

et al. 2012

Progresos de Obstetricia y Ginecología

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show abstract

“…Cardiac output gradually increases (1, 4, 1 I), reaching a maxi- 20,21,22) lncreased plasma volume 50% (1) lncreased red blood cell volume 20% (1) lncreased venous pressure to lower extremities (22) Decreased total peripheral resistance (22) Decreased arteriovenous oxygen difference (1,3,22) Decreased arterial blood pressure (22) Decreased hematocrit 40% (1) mum at 20-24 weeks gestation (21). Varying results have been documented regarding the changes in cardiac output at term (22). This area requires further study.…”

Section: Cardiovascular Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cardiac output may follow this same pattern (1). Heart rate recovery to pre-exercise levels was longer with increased gestational age (1 4), but stroke volume recovered more quickly in late gestation (22). In sheep experiments, (a-v)02 difference was increased with exercise (20) but no change has been reported in studies on human subjects (1 ).…”

Section: Cardiovascular Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Literature Review: Exercising While Pregnant

Freyder¹

1989

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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Current literature on exercise and pregnancy was reviewed. Normal anatomic and physiological changes of pregnancy are briefly outlined. Benefits of maternal exercise experienced by the mother and fetus have been reported by some researchers. Other researchers have documented respiratory and cardiovascular changes peculiar to exercise during pregnancy. Effects on the fetus are also discussed. Guidelines for exercise during pregnancy are discussed with recommendations for health professionals caring for pregnant women. It is concluded that exercise during pregnancy can be safe if common sense is used and guidelines are followed.With an increase in the number of women participating in regular exercise, more women are asking about continuing, or even initiating, activities while pregnant. While some women asking this question are professional athletes partaking in a high level of activity, the majority are recreational athletes concerned about their health and the health of the fetus. Studies have identified various maternal and fetal responses to exercise; however, further study is needed in many areas before conclusions can be reached concerning the amount, level, and type of exercise which is safe and perhaps beneficial for both mother and fetus. This paper is designed to review the current literature on the maternal and fetal effects of exercise during pregnancy, with recommendations for the pregnant woman who wishes to exercise. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE Normal Anatomic and Physiologic Changes during Gestation which Affect the Ability to Exercise Posture, Center of Gravity, and Body WeightThe weight gain of 20-35 Ibs during an average, normal pregnancy causes shifts in the mother's posture and center of gravity. The protruding abdomen would cause a forward shift of ' Reprint requests should by addressed to:

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Fetal Heart Rate Response to Maternal Exertion

Carpenter

Sady

Hoegsberg

et al. 1988

JAMA

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Doppler monitoring of fetal heart rates during maternal exertion has suggested that fetal bradycardia occurs frequently during vigorous exercise, causing concern for fetal safety. Doppler determination of fetal heart rate during vigorous maternal effort is difficult. To avoid motion artifact, we observed fetal heart rate using two-dimensional ultrasound and determined the incidence of fetal bradycardia in 45 pregnant women (age, 29.0 +/- 3.7 years [mean +/- SD]; gestational age, 25.2 +/- 3.0 weeks) during 85 submaximal and 79 maximal cycle ergometer tests. Average fetal heart rate did not change during exercise. A single episode of fetal bradycardia (heart rate less than 110 beats per minute for greater than or equal to 10 s) occurred during submaximal exertion during a maternal vasovagal episode. Sixteen episodes of fetal bradycardia were noted within three minutes after cessation of exercise, 15 of which followed maximal maternal effort. We conclude that brief submaximal maternal exercise up to approximately 70% of maximal aerobic power (maternal heart rate less than or equal to 148 beats per minute) does not affect fetal heart rate. In contrast to submaximal maternal exertion, maximal exertion is commonly followed by fetal bradycardia. This may indicate inadequate fetal gas exchange.

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Exercise dynamics in late gestation: Effects of physical training

Cited by 51 publications

References 21 publications

Efectos de un programa de ejercicio físico supervisado sobre la estructura cardiaca durante la gestación. Ensayo clínico aleatorizado

Efectos de un programa de ejercicio físico supervisado sobre la estructura cardiaca durante la gestación. Ensayo clínico aleatorizado

Literature Review: Exercising While Pregnant

Fetal Heart Rate Response to Maternal Exertion

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