Exercise, but not quercetin, ameliorates inflammation, mitochondrial biogenesis, and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle after strenuous exercise by high-fat diet mice

Abstract

[Purpose]The purpose of this study was to investigate whether moderate exercise and quercetin intake with a low fat diet contribute to inflammatory cytokine production, mitochondrial biogenesis, and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle after strenuous exercise by high-fat diet mice.[Methods]Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: (1) High-fat for 12 weeks and low-fat diet control (C; n = 6); (2) high-fat diet for 12 weeks and low-fat diet with quercetin (Q; n = 4); (3) high-fat diet for 12 weeks and low-fat diet with exercise (E; n = 4); or (4) high-fat diet for 12 weeks and low-fat diet with exercise and quercetin (EQ; n = 5). Quercetin (10 mg/kg) was administered once per day, 5 day/week for 8 weeks. Exercise training was performed at moderate intensity for 8 weeks, 5 days/week for 30–60 min/day. Mice were subjected to a strenuous exercise bout of 60 min at a speed of 25 m/min (VO2 max 85%) conducted as an exercise-induced fatigue just before sacrifice.[Results]As results, body weights were significantly different among the groups. Exercise training significantly reduced inflammatory cytokines after strenuous exercise in skeletal muscle of high-fat diet mice. Exercise training increased Tfam mRNA in the soleus muscle after strenuous exercise. Exercise training significantly decreased lipogenesis markers in skeletal muscle of obese mice after strenuous exercise. Moderate exercise significantly increased lipolysis markers in the tibialis anterior muscle.[Conclusion]These findings suggest that exercise training reduced inflammatory cytokine levels and improved mitochondrial biogenesis and lipid metabolism. However quercetin supplementation did not affect these parameters. Thus, long-term moderate exercise training has positive effects on obesity.

Molecular mechanisms underlying protective effects of quercetin against mitochondrial dysfunction and progressive dopaminergic neurodegeneration in cell culture and MitoPark transgenic mouse models of Parkinson's Disease

“…Although one previous study reported that 100-250 mg/kg quercetin increased caspase-3 activity in the mouse liver and brain (Choi and Kim 2010), many more studies suggest that quercetin is safe even at very high concentrations (950 mg/kg and 3000 mg/kg) (Barrenetxe et al 2006;Harwood et al 2007;Ruiz et al 2009). Another recent study showed that exercise, but not quercetin, improved mitochondrial biogenesis in soleus muscles, but they used only 10 mg/kg quercetin in their study (Kwon et al 2014). In our study, we observed that quercetin showed only a modest protective effect in MitoPark mice, possibly because of the fact that the MitoPark mouse is the most severe model of PD.…”

“…Another recent study showed that exercise, but not quercetin, improved mitochondrial biogenesis in soleus muscles, but they used only 10 mg/kg quercetin in their study (Kwon et al . ). In our study, we observed that quercetin showed only a modest protective effect in MitoPark mice, possibly because of the fact that the MitoPark mouse is the most severe model of PD.…”

Moderate exercise training is more effective than resveratrol supplementation for ameliorating lipid metabolic complication in skeletal muscle of high fat diet-induced obese mice

“…We found that IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1 were significantly reduced and so were MCD, ACC and SREBP-1 [32].…”

Production of novel vinegar having antioxidant and anti‐fatigue activities from Salicornia herbacea L.

“…Body weight, weight gain and food efficiency ratio (FER) values did not differ across the SC and EC groups at the end of the experiment, whereas those of the GV group were significantly reduced (Supplementary data 1, supporting information). Kwon et al . reported that continuous exercise can improve insulin sensitivity and decrease body weight and body fat.…”