Exercise-Associated Changes in the Corticosterone Response to Acute Restraint Stress: Evidence for Increased Adrenal Sensitivity and Reduced Corticosterone Response Duration

Hare, Brendan D.; Beierle, Jacob A; Toufexis, Donna; Hammack, Sayamwong E.; Falls, William A.

doi:10.1038/npp.2013.329

Cited by 64 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(88 reference statements)

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“…Our study is in accordance with earlier reports on reduced adrenal responsiveness to ACTH [26] and impaired explicit memory [33] in marathon runners. While several studies showed an exaggerated response to CRH stimulation after pre-treatment with 1.5 mg DEX [15,16] , this study found the response to CRH after 3.0 mg DEX not to differ between runners and controls.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…In mice, wheel running is associated with increased adrenal size but not with increased negative feedback through GR-mediated mechanisms. These findings suggest that exercise may promote stress resilience in part by ensuring a more rapid and shortened HPA response to a stressor, thereby affecting overall exposure to the potentially negative effects of more sustained HPA axis activation [26] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenocortical Dysfunction in Elderly, Male Marathon Runners: Feedback Sensitivity, Stress Response, and Effects on Verbal Memory

et al. 2016

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Animal studies suggest that repeated episodes of elevated glucocorticoids lead to a dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system at a suprapituitary level, and to impaired mnemonic function. We compared cognitive tests, as well as feedback integrity and stress responsivity of the HPA system, between 11 elderly, male marathon runners - a model of repeated HPA system activation - and 10 sedentary controls. The marathon runners had significantly increased baseline, stress, and post-stress ACTH - but not cortisol - concentrations. Also, suppression of ACTH by 3 mg dexamethasone was impaired in the athletes compared to the control subjects, while the ACTH and cortisol response to additional CRH did not differ between the 2 groups. Finally, long-term verbal memory was impaired in the athletes compared to the controls. Regarding the HPA system, these findings are in accordance with an acquired suprapituitary feedback disturbance in marathon runners; however, the similar glucocorticoid concentrations in the 2 groups may be due to reduced adrenal sensitivity to ACTH. Together with impaired verbal memory, these data support the assumption that repeated episodes of HPA system activity may exert negative effects at the level of the hippocampus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenocortical Dysfunction in Elderly, Male Marathon Runners: Feedback Sensitivity, Stress Response, and Effects on Verbal Memory

et al. 2016

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“…This effect was most robust following restraint stress. Thus, elevated circulating levels of corticosterone and reduced general locomotion cannot explain the decrease in ethanol consumption since these effects resolved when ethanol was made available for consumption 4 h following the stress exposure (Cabib et al, 1988; Hare, Beierle, Toufexis, Hammack, & Falls, 2014). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rest of the groups were exposed to restraint stress (RS), social defeat (SD), or forced swim (FS) either 1 or 4 h before access to ethanol in their home cages for 5 consecutive days. These time intervals were chosen to evaluate ethanol intake near peak stress-induced physiological changes or at a more remote time point when the acute effects of stress, such as elevated corticosterone levels and reduced locomotor activity had subsided (Cabib, Kempf, Schleef, Mele, & Puglisi-Allegra, 1988; Hare, Beierle, Toufexis, Hammack, & Falls, 2014; Patchev & Patchev, 2006). The following week, all mice resumed ethanol intake without exposure to stress.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of different stressors on voluntary ethanol intake in ethanol-dependent and nondependent C57BL/6J mice

López

Anderson

Becker

2016

Alcohol

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Several animal models have evaluated the effect of stress on voluntary ethanol intake with mixed results. The experiments reported here examined the effects of different stressors on voluntary ethanol consumption in dependent and nondependent adult male C57BL/6J mice. In Experiment 1, restraint, forced swim, and social defeat stress procedures all tended to reduce ethanol intake in nondependent mice regardless of whether the stress experience occurred 1 h or 4 h prior to ethanol access. The reduction in ethanol consumption was most robust following restraint stress. Experiment 2 examined the effects of forced swim stress and social defeat stress on drinking in a dependence model that involved repeated cycles of chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) exposure. Repeated exposure to forced swim stress prior to intervening test drinking periods that followed repeated cycles of CIE exposure further increased ethanol consumption in CIE-exposed mice while not altering intake in nondependent mice. In contrast, repeated exposure to the social defeat stressor in a similar manner reduced ethanol consumption in CIE-exposed mice while not altering drinking in nondependent mice. Results from Experiment 3 confirmed this selective effect of forced swim stress increasing ethanol consumption in mice with a history of CIE exposure, and also demonstrated that enhanced drinking is only observed when the forced swim stressor is administered during each test drinking week, but not if it is applied only during the final test week. Collectively, these studies point to a unique interaction between repeated stress experience and CIE exposure, and also suggest that such an effect depends on the nature of the stressor. Future studies will need to further explore the generalizability of these results, as well as mechanisms underlying the ability of forced swim stress to selectively further enhance ethanol consumption in dependent (CIE-exposed) mice but not alter intake in nondependent animals.

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“…Transcriptional changes in the striatum, a major component of the mesolimbic dopaminergic reward pathway, were examined in order to provide insight into the mechanisms underlying reduced ethanol preference. Wheel running in rodents has been shown to induce a myriad of behavioral responses related to tests of stress, anxiety, and depression (Adlard and Cotman, 2004; Brené et al, 2007; Clark et al, 2015; Dishman et al, 2006; Greenwood et al, 2011, 2013; Hare et al, 2014; Lapmanee et al, 2013; Loughridge et al, 2013; Mika et al, 2015; Sciolino et al, 2015; Sierakowiak et al, 2014). Furthermore, previous studies have demonstrated wheel running was sufficient to reduce voluntary intake of amphetamine (Kanarek et al, 1995), cocaine (Cosgrove et al, 2002; Smith et al, 2011), as well as nicotine-seeking during extinction (Sanchez et al, 2013; Smith and Lynch, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voluntary wheel running reduces voluntary consumption of ethanol in mice: identification of candidate genes through striatal gene expression profiling

Darlington

McCarthy

Cox

et al. 2016

Genes Brain and Behavior

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Hedonic substitution, where wheel running reduces voluntary ethanol consumption has been observed in prior studies. Here we replicate and expand on previous work showing that mice decrease voluntary ethanol consumption and preference when given access to a running wheel. While earlier work has been limited mainly to behavioral studies, here we assess the underlying molecular mechanisms that may account for this interaction. From four groups of female C57BL/6J mice (control, access to two-bottle choice ethanol, access to a running wheel, and access to both two-bottle choice ethanol and a running wheel), mRNA-sequencing of the striatum identified differential gene expression. Many genes in ethanol preference quantitative trait loci were differentially expressed due to running. Furthermore, we conducted Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis and identified gene networks corresponding to each effect behavioral group. Candidate genes for mediating the behavioral interaction between ethanol consumption and wheel running include multiple potassium channel genes, Oprm1, Prkcg, Stxbp1, Crhr1, Gabra3, Slc6a13, Stx1b, Pomc, Rassf5, Polr2a, and Camta2. After observing an overlap of many genes and functional groups previously identified in studies of initial sensitivity to ethanol, we hypothesized that wheel running may induce a change in sensitivity, thereby affecting ethanol consumption. A behavioral study examining Loss of Righting Reflex to ethanol following exercise trended toward supporting this hypothesis. These data provide a rich resource for future studies that may better characterize the observed transcriptional changes in gene networks in response to ethanol consumption and wheel running.

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Exercise-Associated Changes in the Corticosterone Response to Acute Restraint Stress: Evidence for Increased Adrenal Sensitivity and Reduced Corticosterone Response Duration

Cited by 64 publications

References 49 publications

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenocortical Dysfunction in Elderly, Male Marathon Runners: Feedback Sensitivity, Stress Response, and Effects on Verbal Memory

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenocortical Dysfunction in Elderly, Male Marathon Runners: Feedback Sensitivity, Stress Response, and Effects on Verbal Memory

Effect of different stressors on voluntary ethanol intake in ethanol-dependent and nondependent C57BL/6J mice

Voluntary wheel running reduces voluntary consumption of ethanol in mice: identification of candidate genes through striatal gene expression profiling

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