Exercise and the Regulation of Endocrine Hormones

Hackney, Anthony C.; Lane, Amy R.

doi:10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.07.001

Cited by 84 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…As previously stated, acute exercise often leads to a transient increase in testosterone levels; on the contrary, a marked decrease in testosterone levels has been suggested in athletes undergoing chronic exercise. Incorrectly executed exercise or poorly developed training programs elicit negative endocrine responses and physiological consequences [ 28 ]. The chronic exposure to excessive loads of endurance training may impair the function of the HPG axis, leading to significantly and persistently reduced basal (resting-state) free and total testosterone levels, often remaining within the physiological range [ 29 – 31 ], with no concurrent increase in LH levels.…”

Section: Physical Exercise Sports and The Male Hypothalamic-pituitarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sport, doping and male fertility

Sansone

Vaamonde

et al. 2018

Reprod Biol Endocrinol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is universally accepted that lifestyle interventions are the first step towards a good overall, reproductive and sexual health. Cessation of unhealthy habits, such as tobacco, alcohol and drug use, poor nutrition and sedentary behavior, is suggested in order to preserve/improve fertility in humans. However, the possible risks of physical exercise per se or sports on male fertility are less known. Being “fit” does not only improve the sense of well-being, but also has beneficial effects on general health: in fact physical exercise is by all means a low-cost, high-efficacy method for preventing or treating several conditions, ranging from purely physical (diabetes and obesity) to psychological (depression and anxiety), highly influencing male reproduction. If male sexual and reproductive health could be positively affected by a proper physical activity, inadequate bouts of strength – both excessive intensity and duration of exercise training – are more likely to have detrimental effects. In addition, the illicit use of prohibited drugs (i.e. doping) has reached pandemic proportions, and their actions, unfortunately very often underestimated by both amateur and professional athletes, are known to disrupt at different levels and throughout various mechanisms the male hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, resulting in hypogonadism and infertility.

show abstract

Section: Physical Exercise Sports and The Male Hypothalamic-pituitarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sport, doping and male fertility

Sansone

Vaamonde

et al. 2018

Reprod Biol Endocrinol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, the level of serotonin, a neurotransmitter accounting for euphoria and good appetite, is also increased during regular exercise. 27 , 28 It also enhances energy levels and alertness. These “happiness hormones” may play a role in reducing stress levels and therefore may have an indirect connection to EA.…”

Section: Theoretical Models: How Exercise Addition Developsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequent exercise: A healthy habit or a behavioral addiction?

Chen

2016

Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is well known that regular physical activity helps improve overall health and fitness and reduces the risk of many chronic diseases. However, excessive exercise might be harmful. Exercise addiction (EA) is a pattern of uncontrolled exercise that involves a craving for overwhelming exercise with addictive attributes. So far, little is known about this unique behavioral addiction. The aim of the current study is to introduce the diagnosis and assessment of EA, and to summarize several developing theoretical models. Eating disorders, body image disorder, low self-esteem, and high narcissism are related to high risk of EA. The paper also discusses the distinction between EA and highly involved physical activity.

show abstract

“…However, there are considerable methodological challenges with measuring hormones. Levels fluctuate depending on other factors that are not necessarily inherent to pubertal processes, such as acute stress (Lennartsson et al, 2012) , nutrition (Soliman et al, 2014) , and exercise (Hackney & Lane, 2015) . Hormone levels can be measured in a wide range of biological specimens, commonly including blood, saliva, urine, and hair.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-method confirmatory factor analyses of puberty in early adolescent girls

Byrne¹,

Chavez²,

Vijayakumar³

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

(full):Correctly measuring and operationalizing pubertal processes during development is important for capturing variation in both normative development and trajectories associated with adverse outcomes. The aim of the current study was to understand how this variance may be captured by different pubertal processes (adrenarche and gonadarche) and how multiple methods may contribute to variance (and how they are correlated). The study explored multi-method cross-sectional pubertal data, including self-reported physical characteristics from the Pubertal Development Scale (PDS) and Morris & Udry line drawings, and levels of hormones dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), testosterone (T), and estradiol (E2) in saliva and hair, from a cohort of 174 early adolescent girls aged 10-13 years. Authors developed a theory-driven structural equation modelling framework of puberty for girls that includes multiple measures of puberty and considers both processes of adrenarche and gonadarche. Self-reported puberty and hormone levels from saliva and hair can estimate an overall pubertal process as well as each process of adrenarche and gonadarche. The self-reported PDS item on height growth had the lowest standardized loading of the self-report items. In full models with all measures, the more parsimonious one-factor model was not a significantly worse fit than the two-factor model. The shared variance between the hormonal latent puberty factor and the self-reported latent puberty factor was 32%. This suggests fairly good reliability between hormones and self-report puberty data but also suggests that measuring puberty via hormones and via self-report questionnaires is not entirely redundant, and models of puberty require collecting both. Exploratory analyses showed 34%, 48%, and 52% shared variance between chronological age and the adrenarcheal, gonadarcheal, and overall pubertal factors, respectively, suggesting that there is additional variance in these pubertal processes that is not explained by age alone. When controlling for age, the adrenarcheal and gonadarcheal factors were still strongly associated (90% shared variance), suggesting that these factors are correlated when calculated as pubertal timing (i.e., stage compared to same-age peers), as well. Finally, correlations with age were higher when using the latent factors, whether for self-report questionnaire data alone, or for hormones, and correlations were highest when using all available self-report and biological measures. Abstract (short):This structural equation modelling study explored how variance in pubertal development is captured by different processes (adrenarche and gonadarche) and methods, using cross-sectional pubertal data from a cohort of 174 early adolescent girls aged 10-13 years. Self-reported puberty and hormone levels from saliva and hair can estimate an overall pubertal process as well as each process of adrenarche and gonadarche. The self-reported PDS item on height growth had the lowest standardized loading of the self-report items. Hormonal and self-reported latent puberty factors had 32% shared variance, suggesting that research should collect both. There was 34%, 48%, and 52% shared variance between chronological age and the adrenarcheal, gonadarcheal, and pubertal factors, respectively, suggesting these processes are not explained by age alone.

show abstract

Exercise and the Regulation of Endocrine Hormones

Cited by 84 publications

References 45 publications

Sport, doping and male fertility

Sport, doping and male fertility

Frequent exercise: A healthy habit or a behavioral addiction?

Multi-method confirmatory factor analyses of puberty in early adolescent girls

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About