Exercise and the Regulation of Inflammatory Responses

Allen, John; Sun, Yi; Woods, Jeffrey A.

doi:10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.07.003

Cited by 99 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…In our study, the time course of the plasma miR-21 level, starting with a decrease immediately after exercise followed by an increase during early recovery, may reflect the balance between the initial pro-inflammatory and later immunoregulatory anti-inflammatory responses 29 . There is increasing evidence that many of the pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory processes that occur after acute exercise may be vital for the long-term adaptive responses to exercise training 30 . The plasma levels of miR-181a, a possible biomarker of acute muscle wasting 31 , was increased during early recovery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-course responses of circulating microRNAs to three resistance training protocols in healthy young men

Cui¹,

Sun

Yin

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Circulating microRNAs (c-miRNAs) in human plasma have been described as a potential marker of exercise. The present study investigated the effects of three acute resistance training (RT) protocols on the time-course changes of the c-miRNAs profiles in young males. The subjects (n = 45) were randomly divided into three groups: muscular strength endurance (SE), muscular hypertrophy (MH) and maximum strength (MS). Venous blood samples were obtained before exercise and immediately, 1 h and 24 h after each RT protocol to assess the following biological parameters: c-miRNAs, anabolic and catabolic hormones, inflammatory cytokines and muscle damage markers. The results revealed that the levels of two c-miRNAs (miR-208b and miR-532), six c-miRNAs (miR-133a, miR-133b, miR-206, miR-181a, miR-21 and miR-221) and two c-miRNAs (miR-133a and miR-133b) changed significantly in response to the SE, MH and MS protocols (p < 0.05), respectively. The nature and dynamic processes of the c-miRNAs response were likely influenced by the RT modality and intensity. Moreover, miR-532 was negatively correlated with insulin-like growth factor-1 and positively correlated with interleukin-10, whereas miR-133a was negatively correlated with cortisol and positively correlated with testosterone/cortisol. These findings suggest that these c-miRNAs may serve as markers for monitoring the RT responses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-course responses of circulating microRNAs to three resistance training protocols in healthy young men

Cui¹,

Sun

Yin

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…It has been shown that skeletal muscle produces cytokines dependent upon contraction60616263. Though a decreased expression of inflammatory markers was not associated with fiber type switching in Cpt1b m−/− muscle, a reduced activity of Cpt1b m−/− mice could contribute to a reduction of contraction-induced cytokine response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Mitochondrial fat oxidation is essential for lipid-induced inflammation in skeletal muscle in mice

Warfel

Bermudez

Mendoza

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Inflammation, lipotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction have been implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity-induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. However, how these factors are intertwined in the development of obesity/insulin resistance remains unclear. Here, we examine the role of mitochondrial fat oxidation on lipid-induced inflammation in skeletal muscle. We used skeletal muscle-specific Cpt1b knockout mouse model where the inhibition of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation results in accumulation of lipid metabolites in muscle and elevated circulating free fatty acids. Gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and cytokine- and members of TLR-signalling pathways were decreased in Cpt1bm−/− muscle. Inflammatory signalling pathways were not activated when evaluated by multiplex and immunoblot analysis. In addition, the inflammatory response to fatty acids was reduced in primary muscle cells derived from Cpt1bm−/− mice. Gene expression of Cd11c, the M1 macrophage marker, was decreased; while Cd206, the M2 macrophage marker, was increased in skeletal muscle of Cpt1bm−/− mice. Finally, expression of pro-inflammatory markers was decreased in white adipose tissue of Cpt1bm−/− mice. We show that the inflammatory response elicited by elevated intracellular lipids in skeletal muscle is repressed in Cpt1bm−/− mice, strongly supporting the hypothesis that mitochondrial processing of fatty acids is essential for the lipid-induction of inflammation in muscle.

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“…This is beneficial according to the proposed effect of IL-6 to antagonize the pro-inflammatory IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α [40,41]. However, no reduction of the proinflammatory myokines was seen at maximal load in the single exercise test performed in the MITG.…”

Section: Moderate Intensity Training Effects On Myokine Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our hypothesis that both moderate and high intensity training would lower the levels of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α has to be mainly rejected. Other studies have shown reduced inflammatory markers after training [40], in particular studies with participants with elevated inflammatory markers to start with. Thus in order to justify our hypothesis and show reductions of inflammatory cytokines, this would need to be studied with participants having inflammatory cytokines elevated at baseline.…”

Section: Training Effect On Cytokine Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), glucose-releases from the liver (IL-6) and fat-releases from the adipose tissue is stimulated (IL-6, Irisin) [35][36][37][38]. Also, antiinflammatory effects have been shown, whereIL-6 from the muscles has a direct anti-inflammatory effect due to inhibition of TNF-α and an indirect effect due to release of anti-inflammatory 1L-1ra and IL-10, which antagonize the pro-inflammatory TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8 [15,25,[39][40][41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Exercise-induced Release of Cytokines/Myokines in a Single Exercise Test before and after a Training Intervention in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Lindberg

Wilke

Vestberg³

et al. 2017

Int J Phys Ther Rehabil

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Exercise and the Regulation of Inflammatory Responses

Cited by 99 publications

References 78 publications

Time-course responses of circulating microRNAs to three resistance training protocols in healthy young men

Time-course responses of circulating microRNAs to three resistance training protocols in healthy young men

Mitochondrial fat oxidation is essential for lipid-induced inflammation in skeletal muscle in mice

Exercise-induced Release of Cytokines/Myokines in a Single Exercise Test before and after a Training Intervention in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

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