Exercise and hypertension: facts and uncertainties.

Baak, Marleen A. van

doi:10.1136/bjsm.32.1.6

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…However, emerging evidence indicates that low-intensity activities are as beneficial as moderate and vigorous physical activity [ 28 ]. In line with previous studies conducted in hypertensive men [ 29 , 30 ], our results showed that low-intensity, moderate-intensity, and vigorous-intensity physical activity were all related to the reduced risk of mortality due to all-cause and vascular specific diseases among both hypertensive men and women. Several previous studies have found that antioxidant capacity, resting heart rate, and small artery reactive hyperemia index improves with low-intensity physical activity [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of total, domain-specific, and intensity-specific physical activity on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among hypertensive adults in China

Fan

Guo

et al. 2018

Journal of Hypertension

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Objectives:We aimed to prospectively examine the associations of total, domain-specific, and intensity-specific physical activity with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among Chinese hypertensive adults.Methods:We performed a prospective cohort study in 150 391 hypertensive participants aged 30–79 years from the China Kadoorie Biobank study of 512 891 participants recruited from 10 diverse areas across China during 2004–2008. Participants with heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cancer at baseline were excluded.Results:During 1069 863 person-years of follow-up (median 7.1 years), a total of 5332 men and 4384 women died. Compared with hypertensive participants in the lowest level of total physical activity, the hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were 0.80 (0.76–0.84), 0.69 (0.65–0.73), and 0.67 (0.62–0.72) for those in quartiles 2–4 (Ptrend < 0.001), respectively. Inverse associations were also observed for cardiovascular mortality. Being active in occupational, domestic, and leisure time were associated with lower risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. However, the adjusted ratio for active commuting was 1.08 (1.02–1.15) for all-cause mortality. High levels of low-intensity, moderate-intensity, and vigorous-intensity physical activity were consistently associated with lower risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.Conclusion:Among Chinese hypertensive adults, a higher level of physical activity reduces all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, independent of intensities of physical activity. Not only leisure-time but also occupational and domestic physical activities were benefited.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of total, domain-specific, and intensity-specific physical activity on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among hypertensive adults in China

Fan

Guo

et al. 2018

Journal of Hypertension

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“…The mechanism of improved haemodynamics following exercise has not been established, but may include increased shear stress with improved structural compliance, nitric oxide related vasodilation and reduced sympathetic drive [ 31 ]. The latter potential mechanism was reported in patients with COPD after six weeks of aerobic exercise training [ 32 ], but the effects on BP were not recorded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does pulmonary rehabilitation address cardiovascular risk factors in patients with COPD?

et al. 2011

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BackgroundPatients with COPD have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Whilst pulmonary rehabilitation has proven benefit for exercise tolerance and quality of life, any effect on cardiovascular risk has not been fully investigated. We hypothesised that pulmonary rehabilitation, through the exercise and nutritional intervention, would address these factors.MethodsThirty-two stable patients with COPD commenced rehabilitation, and were compared with 20 age and gender matched controls at baseline assessment. In all subjects, aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) an independent non-invasive predictor of cardiovascular risk, blood pressure (BP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and fasting glucose and lipids were determined. These measures, and the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) were repeated in the patients who completed pulmonary rehabilitation.ResultsOn commencement of rehabilitation aortic PWV was increased in patients compared with controls (p < 0.05), despite mean BP, age and gender being similar. The IL-6 was also increased (p < 0.05). Twenty-two patients completed study assessments. In these subjects, rehabilitation reduced mean (SD) aortic PWV (9.8 (3.0) to 9.3 (2.7) m/s (p < 0.05)), and systolic and diastolic BP by 10 mmHg and 5 mmHg respectively (p < 0.01). Total cholesterol and ISWT also improved (p < 0.05). On linear regression analysis, the reduction in aortic PWV was attributed to reducing the BP.ConclusionCardiovascular risk factors including blood pressure and thereby aortic stiffness were improved following a course of standard multidisciplinary pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD.

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“…W przypadku gdy wysiłek jest słabo tolerowany, unikać należy ćwiczeń siłowych oraz niektórych gier zespołowych i wszystkich dyscyplin sportu, w których następuje duże statyczne obciążenie mięśni. Najkorzystniejsze wydają się być ćwiczenia aerobowe o umiarkowanym nasileniu, które mogą wpłynąć na redukcję dawek leków w cięższych postaciach nadciśnienia [1,13].…”

Section: Osteoporozaunclassified

“…Wysiłek fizyczny u seniorów chorych na nadciśnienie tętnicze przynosi wymierne korzyści, ale stanowi również pewne ryzyko [1]. U osób zdrowych bez względu na wiek, prawidłowym mechanizmem adaptacyjnym do wysiłku jest wzrost tętna, wzrost pojemności wyrzutowej serca, wzrost kurczliwości i wzrost przepływu wieńcowego.…”

Section: Osteoporozaunclassified

Seniors rehabilitatin – clinical implications and therapy planning

et al. 2023

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Introduction. Aging is a natural and prevalent process. It concerns all organs and systems, even if there are no signs of pathology. At present there is no age limit which indicates specifically the beginning of senility. The border between physiology and pathology is blurred; consequently, the treatment of some geriatric diseases is difficult, especially when preventive measures have not been taken. Rehabilitation should focus on personal well-being of the patients and improving their quality of life. Aim. The aim of this article is to discuss issues concerning the planning of complex rehabilitation of geriatric patients and its management. Materials and methods. This article analyses selected clinical aspects of: osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, pulmonary and circulatory disturbances, prevention of bedsore and contractures in bedridden patients. The process of planning the therapy, including cardiologic and orthopaedic rehabilitation, is presented. The application of the Get Up and Go Test to evaluate patients’ fitness and the SMART principle when planning a rehabilitation course is proposed. Essential factors in a correctly planned therapy of geriatric patients are emphasised. Discussion. Due to scientific evidence confirming the efficiency of regular physical activity in the case of senior patients, they should be motivated to undertake physical exercises and to cooperate. Rehabilitation aims at: improving general well–being, allowing to maintain an independent way of life, reducing the risk of some diseases and easing their course, reducing pain and disability effects. Complex geriatric rehabilitation concerns every patient in terms of motion ability, pain release, as well as psychological and social spheres of life. Properly conducted and systematically undertaken physical activities can improve physical and mental health of senior patients, even though they do not stop the aging process itself. Orthopaedic devices for geriatric patients decrease their disability. Improvement in motor functioning, personal care skills and independence restores patients’ self-confidence, reinforces their social and cultural integration and allows them to become professionally active again. Conclusions. Geriatric patients suffer from various diseases and require personalised rehabilitation. A well planned rehabilitation and physical therapy program should include all factors influencing the quality of life of such patients and should provide rehabilitation aims. Rehabilitation should be long-termed, complex and involve elements of prophylactics.

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Exercise and hypertension: facts and uncertainties.

Cited by 11 publications

References 52 publications

Effect of total, domain-specific, and intensity-specific physical activity on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among hypertensive adults in China

Effect of total, domain-specific, and intensity-specific physical activity on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among hypertensive adults in China

Does pulmonary rehabilitation address cardiovascular risk factors in patients with COPD?

Seniors rehabilitatin – clinical implications and therapy planning

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