Exercise and cognitive function in people living with HIV: a scoping review

Quigley, Adria; O’Brien, Kelly K; Parker, Robin; MacKay‐Lyons, Marilyn

doi:10.1080/09638288.2018.1432079

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…No study fully measured all the aspects of mental health, instead, they only selected and measured three aspects of mental health such as anxiety/mental distress [36], depression [23,35,36,38,39], cognitive disorder [34], and psychological disorder [23]. These studies suggest that it is also possible that other aspects of mental health may be improved by exercises in PLWHA and corroborates the ndings of other studies [41,42].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Effectiveness of Exercise Training on Mental Health, Physical Activity Level and Social Participation in People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ibeneme¹,

Uwakwe²,

Myezwa³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Exercise training may increase physical activity(PA) level, improve social participation and mental health in people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA). Thus, a systematic review was conducted to answer the review question: what is the effectiveness of physical exercise training on mental health, physical activity level and social participation in PLWHA? Method: Eight databases namely: PubMed, Emcare, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, AMED, PsycoINFO and MEDLINE – were systematically searched from 1990 till August 2019. This review includes only studies published in English language, on adults (>18years) and are either on HAART/HAART-naïve; only RCTs that gave exercise intervention and assessed mental health, physical activity level and social participation on HIV/AIDS patients. The primary outcomes were mental health, PA level and social participation, while the secondary outcomes included psychological disorders. Results: Meta-analysis of the five (out of seven) included studies for depression that met the inclusion criteria (n=346 participants) comprising males/females aged≥18 years, show a significant overall effect (SMD=-0.89,[95%CI:-1.77,-0.01],Z=1.97,p=0.05) of exercise compared to the control group at post-intervention. However, statistical heterogeneity was high (I2=91%,X2=53.14,df=5,p<0.00001). The removal of two papers during sensitivity analysis for missing data/baseline differences showed a large significant effect (SMD=-1.01,[95%CI:-1.45,-0.57],Z=4.48,p=<0.00001). The statistical heterogeneity was low (I2=39%,X2=4.94,df=3,p=0.18). The results demonstrate a significant trend towards a decrease in depressive symptoms for participants in the exercise compared to no exercise group; aerobic exercise compared to normal routine activity group; aerobic and resistance exercise compared to other control groups. Narrative synthesis demonstrates the beneficial effects of exercise training on outcome measures: anxiety and cognitive function, apart from other psychological benefits. There was limited and no RCTs on the effects of exercise on physical activity level and social participation, respectively.Conclusion: Combined exercise (Aerobic exercise+Strength training; 80mins/session; 3X/week for 12weeks.) + routine counselling OR Aerobic exercise training+counselling 40mins per session; 3X/week for 6weeks OR Combined exercise: Aerobic and Resistance exercise training 50mins/session; 2X/week for 6weeks OR Combined exercise: Aerobic and Resistance exercise training 60mins/session; 3X/week for 24weeks OR Aerobic exercise training 60mins per session; 3X per week for 12weeks may improve mood disorders while therapeutic exercise(2X per week for 6weeks) may improve psychological wellbeing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Effectiveness of Exercise Training on Mental Health, Physical Activity Level and Social Participation in People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ibeneme¹,

Uwakwe²,

Myezwa³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Such modifiable social and behavioral risk factors will need to be further investigated to develop preclinical intervention strategies to prevent disability later in life. Physical activity is an efficacious strategy for the prevention of many chronic conditions, including metabolic, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and musculoskeletal [45], and found to be beneficial for people living with HIV [46-49]. Therefore, a better assessment of activity can improve intervention and monitoring strategies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle-Aged Men With HIV Have Diminished Accelerometry-Based Activity Profiles Despite Similar Lab-Measured Gait Speed: Pilot Study

Hale

Guardigni

Roitmann³

et al. 2019

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth

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Background People aging with HIV are living with increased risk for functional decline compared with uninfected adults of the same age. Early preclinical changes in biomarkers in middle-aged individuals at risk for mobility and functional decline are needed. Objective This pilot study aims to compare measures of free-living activity with lab-based measures. In addition, we aim to examine differences in the activity level and patterns by HIV status. Methods Forty-six men (23 HIV+, 23 HIV−) currently in the MATCH (Muscle and Aging Treated Chronic HIV) cohort study wore a consumer-grade wristband accelerometer continuously for 3 weeks. We used free-living activity to calculate the gait speed and time spent at different activity intensities. Accelerometer data were compared with lab-based gait speed using the 6-minute walk test (6-MWT). Plasma biomarkers were measured and biobehavioral questionnaires were administered. Results HIV+ men more often lived alone ( P =.02), reported more pain ( P =.02), and fatigue ( P =.048). In addition, HIV+ men had lower blood CD4/CD8 ratios ( P <.001) and higher Veterans Aging Cohort Study Index scores ( P =.04) and T-cell activation ( P <.001) but did not differ in levels of inflammation ( P =.30) or testosterone ( P =.83). For all participants, accelerometer-based gait speed was significantly lower than the lab-based 6-MWT gait speed ( P <.001). Moreover, accelerometer-based gait speed was significantly lower in HIV+ participants ( P =.04) despite the absence of differences in the lab-based 6-MWT ( P =.39). HIV+ participants spent more time in the lowest quartile of activity compared with uninfected ( P =.01), who spent more time in the middle quartiles of activity ( P =.02). Conclusions Accelerometer-based assessment of gait speed and activity patterns are lower for asymptomatic men living with HIV compared with uninfected controls and may be useful as preclinical digital biomarkers that precede differences captured in lab-based measures.

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“…The benefits of PA on psychosocial and cognitive health have also been demonstrated [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. In general, short-term efforts of moderate intensity have a positive effect on the modulation of the immune system, which is why they are proposed as components of therapy in patients with immunodeficiency, as well as in the elderly, obese patients suffering from cancer, and those with chronic viral infections, such as HIV [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Improvement of immunity due to regular exercise of moderate intensity can be attributed to a decrease in inflammation, maintenance of thymus mass at a sufficiently high level, changes in the distribution of mature and naïve immune cells in the blood, increased immune surveillance, and/or relief of mental stress [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Th Cell-Related Immune Responses in Young Physically Active Men after an Endurance Effort

Kostrzewa-Nowak

Nowak

2020

JCM

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The participation of T cell subsets in the modulation of immunity in athletes triggered by maximal effort was investigated. In total, 80 physically active young men (range 16–20 years) were divided into 5 age groups: 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20 years old. They performed efficiency tests on mechanical treadmills until exhaustion. White blood cell (WBC) and lymphocyte (LYM) counts were determined, and the type 1 (Th1), type 2 (Th2) helper T cells, T helper 17 (Th17), and T regulatory (Treg) cell distribution and plasma levels of selected cytokines were analyzed. An increase in WBC and LYM counts after the test and in Th1 and Treg cells after the test and in recovery was observed. There were no changes in Th2 cells. An increase in interleukins (IL): IL-2 and IL-8 was observed. The IL-6 level was altered in all studied groups. IL-17A and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) levels were increased in all studied groups. The mechanism of differential T cell subset activation may be related to athletes’ age. The novel findings of this study are the involvement of Th17 cells in post-effort immune responses and the participation of IL-6 in post-effort and the long-term biological effect of endurance effort.

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Exercise and cognitive function in people living with HIV: a scoping review

Cited by 26 publications

References 59 publications

Effectiveness of Exercise Training on Mental Health, Physical Activity Level and Social Participation in People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Effectiveness of Exercise Training on Mental Health, Physical Activity Level and Social Participation in People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Middle-Aged Men With HIV Have Diminished Accelerometry-Based Activity Profiles Despite Similar Lab-Measured Gait Speed: Pilot Study

Differential Th Cell-Related Immune Responses in Young Physically Active Men after an Endurance Effort

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