Executive Summary 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations

Abstract

requiring first aid, related education and implementation strategies, and systems of care. After the publication of the 2015 International Consensus on CPR and ECC Science With Treatment Recommendations, ILCOR also committed to sponsoring a continuous evidenceevaluation process, with topics prioritized for review by the task forces and with CoSTR updates published annually. For this 2020 CoSTR, the 6 ILCOR task forces performed structured reviews of 184 topics, completing the most ambitious evidence review that ILCOR has attempted to date.The ILCOR systematic review process continues to be based on the methodological principles published by the National Academy of Health and Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) 2 ; Cochrane 3,4 ; Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) 5 ; and the reporting guidelines based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses recommendations. 6,7 Three types of evidence evaluation provided the basis for this 2020 CoSTR: the systematic review, the scoping review, and the evidence update. Based on recommendations from the ILCOR Scientific Affairs Committee and agreement of the task forces, only systematic reviews could result in new or modified treatment recommendations.

Survival and Long-term Outcomes Following in-hospital Cardiac Arrest in a Swiss University Hospital: a Prospective Observational Study

“…For telephone alarm systems, the contact person might also be instructed to give advice to the person calling, on how best to deliver basic life support until the cardiac arrest team arrives. In the OHCA setting, CPR instructions delivered by telecommunicating dispatchers have been show to be independently associated with improved survival and improved functional outcome [46], and these are highly recommended by international resuscitation guidelines [14][15][16]. This might also be a suitable option to ensure correct and effective IHCA treatment.…”

“…Fast and competent interventions based on current resuscitation guidelines are essential for increased survival with good neuropsychological outcome after cardiac arrest [14,15]. As well as local implementation of international resuscitation recommendations [16] and guidelines [14,15], potential key factors that in uence successful in-hospital resuscitation include: (1) a focus on prevention and early recognition of cardiac arrest, with immediate start of basic life support [17]; (2) immediate activation of emergency responses to IHCAs, to provide early high-quality advanced life support [18]; (3) a highperforming hospital-wide rapid response system consisting of a cardiac arrest team and/or medical emergency team that are organised, well trained, and available 24 hours per day, 7 days a week [19][20][21][22][23];…”

What is the Optimal Age for Students to Receive Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training?

“…Each group of students participated in Basic Life Support (BLS) training provided by trained tutors who were nurses or doctors experienced in emergency medicine. The training comprised a theoretical introduction followed by a practical demonstration of recognition of the emergency and activation of the Emergency Medical Services system, with early CPR as CPR treatment recommendation 8 9 Each student attended the 60-minute training with a manikin (Resusci Anne QCPR; Laferal, Norway) and was assessed within one hour of being trained.…”

Mechanised Cardiac Massage

“…All the literature suggests that further research into mechanised cardiopulmonary resuscitation is required, noting in particular, a lack of randomised controlled trials. Despite over fifty years of research and innovative device manufacture, to date there does not seem to be clear evidence recommending one device over any other, or for the mandated inclusion of mechanised devices in resuscitation protocols 22,23 .…”