Executive functioning and psychological symptoms in food addiction: a study among individuals with severe obesity

Rodrigue, Christopher; Ouellette, Anne-Sophie; Lemieux, Simone; Tchernof, André; Biertho, Laurent; Bégin, Catherine

doi:10.1007/s40519-018-0530-1

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Specifically, some studies found no evidence of impaired performance (Chamberlain et al, 2015; Fagundo et al, 2016; Manasse et al, 2014; Schiff et al, 2016; Wu et al, 2016), while other studies found impaired set-shifting in participants with overweight or obesity relative to healthy controls (Gameiro et al, 2017; Steenbergen and Colzato, 2017) and eating disorder patients (Perpiñá et al, 2017). Studies have also shown impaired set-shifting in obese participants with BED, but not in those without (Banca et al, 2016), and obese participants with high, but not low FA symptoms (Rodrigue et al, 2018).…”

Section: Review Of Findingsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Cognitive Drivers of Compulsive Eating Behavior

Kakoschke

Aarts

Verdejo-García

2019

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Compulsivity is a central feature of obsessive-compulsive and addictive disorders, which share considerable overlap with excessive eating in terms of repetitive behavior despite negative consequences. Excessive eating behavior is characteristic of several eating-related conditions, including eating disorders [bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED)], obesity, and food addiction (FA). Compulsivity is proposed to be driven by four distinct cognitive components, namely, contingency-related cognitive flexibility, task/attentional set-shifting, attentional bias/disengagement and habit learning. However, it is unclear whether repetitive behavior in eating-related conditions is underpinned by deficits in these cognitive components. The current mini-review synthesizes the available evidence for performance on compulsivity-related cognitive tasks for each cognitive domain among populations with excessive eating behavior. In three of the four cognitive domains, i.e., set-shifting, attentional bias and habit learning, findings were mixed. Evidence more strongly pointed towards impaired contingency-related cognitive flexibility only in obesity and attentional bias/disengagement deficits only in obesity and BED. Overall, the findings of the reviewed studies support the idea that compulsivity-related cognitive deficits are common across a spectrum of eating-related conditions, although evidence was inconsistent or lacking for some disorders. We discuss the theoretical and practical importance of these results, and their implications for our understanding of compulsivity in eating-related conditions.

show abstract

Section: Review Of Findingsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Cognitive Drivers of Compulsive Eating Behavior

Kakoschke

Aarts

Verdejo-García

2019

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The diagnosis of BED according to DSM-5 [25] was derived from the diagnostic items of the validated German version of the Eating Disorder Examination interview (EDE 17.0D) [44,45]. According to DSM-5, the following severity levels of BED were determined: mild (1–3 objective binge-eating episodes per week), moderate (4–7 objective binge-eating episodes per week), severe (8–13 objective binge-eating episodes per week), and extreme (≥14 objective binge-eating episodes per week).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, the clinical eating disorder diagnosis of binge-eating disorder (BED) [25] has been associated with addictive-like eating behavior [26,27]. According to the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) [25], the core feature of BED is represented by recurrent episodes of objective binge eating, which are characterized by a feeling of loss of control over eating while consuming an unambiguously large amount of food in a discrete period of time. BED is not associated with regular inappropriate compensatory behaviors, such as vomiting or excessive exercising [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) [25], the core feature of BED is represented by recurrent episodes of objective binge eating, which are characterized by a feeling of loss of control over eating while consuming an unambiguously large amount of food in a discrete period of time. BED is not associated with regular inappropriate compensatory behaviors, such as vomiting or excessive exercising [25]. Among treatment-seeking individuals with overweight and obesity, 23.9% presented with comorbid BED [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Executive Functioning in Obesity, Food Addiction, and Binge-Eating Disorder

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aimed to investigate food addiction (FA) and binge-eating disorder (BED) in their association to executive dysfunctions in adults with obesity. Data on response inhibition, attention, decision-making, and impulsivity were derived from four groups of adults with obesity: obesity and FA (n = 23), obesity and BED (n = 19), obesity and FA plus BED (FA/BED, n = 23), and a body mass index-, age-, and sex-stratified control group of otherwise healthy individuals with obesity (n = 23, OB), using established computerized neuropsychological tasks. Overall, there were few group differences in neuropsychological profiles. Individuals of the FA group did not differ from the OB group regarding executive functioning. Individuals with BED presented with significantly higher variability in their reaction times and a deficient processing of feedback for performance improvement compared to individuals of the OB group. Strikingly, individuals with FA/BED did not present neuropsychological impairments, but higher levels of depression than all other groups. The results indicated the presence of a BED-specific neuropsychological profile in the obesity spectrum. The additional trait FA was not related to altered executive functioning compared to the OB or BED groups. Future research is needed to discriminate FA and BED further using food-specific tasks.

show abstract

“…Rodrigue et al [59] compared those with higher and lower food addiction scores on cognitive processes of planning, inhibition, cognitive flexibility and error processing. The investigators found that high food addiction group differed from the low food addiction group only in terms of inhibition/cognitive flexibility scaled scores, but not in individual scores.…”

Section: Psychological Correlates Of Addiction To Fat Rich Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fat Addiction: Psychological and Physiological Trajectory

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Obesity has become a major public health concern worldwide due to its high social and economic burden, caused by its related comorbidities, impacting physical and mental health. Dietary fat is an important source of energy along with its rewarding and reinforcing properties. The nutritional recommendations for dietary fat vary from one country to another; however, the dietary reference intake (DRI) recommends not consuming more than 35% of total calories as fat. Food rich in fat is hyperpalatable, and is liable to be consumed in excess amounts. Food addiction as a concept has gained traction in recent years, as some aspects of addiction have been demonstrated for certain varieties of food. Fat addiction can be a diagnosable condition, which has similarities with the construct of addictive disorders, and is distinct from eating disorders or normal eating behaviors. Psychological vulnerabilities like attentional biases have been identified in individuals described to be having such addiction. Animal models have provided an opportunity to explore this concept in an experimental setting. This discussion sheds light on fat addiction, and explores its physiological and psychological implications. The discussion attempts to collate the emerging literature on addiction to fat rich diets as a prominent subset of food addiction. It aims at addressing the clinical relevance at the community level, the psychological correlates of such fat addiction, and the current physiological research directions.

show abstract

Executive functioning and psychological symptoms in food addiction: a study among individuals with severe obesity

Cited by 39 publications

References 49 publications

The Cognitive Drivers of Compulsive Eating Behavior

The Cognitive Drivers of Compulsive Eating Behavior

Executive Functioning in Obesity, Food Addiction, and Binge-Eating Disorder

Fat Addiction: Psychological and Physiological Trajectory

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About