Executive function performance and trauma exposure in a community sample of children

DePrince, Anne P.; Weinzierl, Kristin M.; Combs, Melody D.

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.08.002

Cited by 301 publications

(275 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Sustained attention, the ability to maintain focus over a period of seconds to minutes while suppressing distractions, is highly sensitive to stress/arousal (Scholz et al., 2009). Significant evidence points to an impact of I‐ELT on sustained attention ability (De Bellis, Woolley, & Hooper, 2013; DePrince, Weinzierl, & Combs, 2009; Kaplow, Hall, Koenen, Dodge, & Amaya‐Jackson, 2008; Navalta, Polcari, Webster, Boghossian, & Teicher, 2006; Porter, Lawson, & Bigler, 2005; Samuelson, Krueger, Burnett, & Wilson, 2010), yet no study to date has examined how I‐ELT‐related amygdala dysregulation may contribute to impairments in sustained attention or cognitive performance in neutral contexts more broadly. Evidence that amygdala functioning can impact sustained attention in nonemotional contexts can be found in animal studies suggesting that the amygdala serves as a general relevance detector (Gallagher & Holland, 1994; Holland, 2007; Holland & Gallagher, 1999; Holland, Han, & Gallagher, 2000; Sander, Grafman, & Zalla, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpersonal early‐life trauma alters amygdala connectivity and sustained attention performance

et al. 2017

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IntroductionInterpersonal early life trauma (I‐ELT) is associated with a myriad of functional impairments in adulthood, increased risk of drug addiction, and neuropsychiatric disorders. While deficits in emotional regulation and amygdala functioning are well characterized, deficits in general cognitive functioning have also been documented. However, the neural underpinnings of cognitive dysfunction in adults with a history of I‐ELT and the potential relationship between amygdala‐based functional connectivity and behavioral performance are currently poorly understood. This study examined how I‐ELT affects the cognitive and neural mechanisms supporting sustained attention.MethodsA total of 66 Veterans (18 with and 48 without a history of I‐ELT) completed a nonemotional sustained attention task during functional MRI.ResultsThe individuals with I‐ELT showed significant impairments in sustained attention (i.e., higher error rates, greater response variability). This cohort exhibited increased amygdala functional connectivity with the prefrontal cortex and decreased functional connectivity with the parahippocampal gyrus when compared to those without I‐ELT. These connections were significantly correlated with individual differences in sustained attention performance. Notably, classification analyses revealed that the pattern of amygdala connectivity across the whole brain was able to classify I‐ELT status with 70% accuracy.ConclusionThese results provide evidence of a lasting negative impact for those with a history of I‐ELT on sustained attention ability. They also highlight a critical role for amygdala functioning in cognitive control and sustained attention for those with a history of I‐ELT, which may underlie the observed attention deficits in clinical assessments and cognitive tests involving both emotional and nonemotional stimuli.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpersonal early‐life trauma alters amygdala connectivity and sustained attention performance

et al. 2017

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“…The areas of the brain most sensitive to stress are those implicated in learning, memory, and "higher order" integration of emotions and thoughts needed to support executive functioning (Cicchetti and Curtis 2006;McCrory et al 2010;Perry 2009). The chronic stress system dysfunction, from all maltreatment sources, challenges the core neurocognitive building blocks of emotional regulation, such that reactivity to trauma triggers and ambiguous threats, as well as reasoned action to potential threats, do not proceed in optimal emotion-cognition-behavior communication (De Bellis 2001;DeBellis 2002;DeBellis et al 2010;DePrince et al 2009;Lee and Hoaken 2007). With a dominating, global negative self, investment in personal learning and agency and confident exploration of the environment is advanced as impaired, leaving a further challenge to resilient functioning.…”

Section: Two-issues On Risk and Resilience: The Impact Of Childhood Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Editorial: The Violence and Addiction Equation Revisited

Wekerle

2011

Int J Ment Health Addiction

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“…Research has consistently demonstrated associations between acute stress or trauma exposure and poorer executive function (EF) DePrince et al, 2009;Horwitz and McCaffrey, 2008). Previous studies reported impairments in executive activities of daily life associated with depressive mood (Patrick et al, 2004), anxiety (Ferreri, Lapp, & Peretti, 2011) and general distress (Gyurak, Goodkind, Kramer, Miller, & Levenson, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mediating Role of Well-Being and Self-Regulation of Emotions in Daily Executive Dysfunctions and Psychological Distress

García-Villamisar¹,

Armentia²

2014

Journal for Perspectives of Economic Political and Social Integration

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An emerging literature has begun to document the emotional consequences of everyday executive functions on emotional distress. Little is known, however, about whether this relation is mediated by other variables.A multiple mediation model was proposed to integrate core concepts of daily executive dysfunctions with emotional distress in order to increase understanding of their relationship to psychological well-being and emotional regulation. The working hypothesis was that dimensions of well-being and emotional regulation may be a suitable mediator. It was hypothesized that dimensions of well-being and emotional regulation are a possible mediator between the executive dysfunctions and psychological distress. Participants were 122 undergraduate students from university courses in General Education and Social Education at, the Universidad Complutense de Madrid, with a mean age of 21.76. Results indicate that several dimensions of psychological well-being and emotional reappraisal strategies mediate the relationships between daily executive dysfunctions and psychological distress. Implications of these data are discussed.

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Executive function performance and trauma exposure in a community sample of children

Cited by 301 publications

References 35 publications

Interpersonal early‐life trauma alters amygdala connectivity and sustained attention performance

Interpersonal early‐life trauma alters amygdala connectivity and sustained attention performance

Editorial: The Violence and Addiction Equation Revisited

The Mediating Role of Well-Being and Self-Regulation of Emotions in Daily Executive Dysfunctions and Psychological Distress

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