Executive Function Impairments in Patients with Depression

Alves, Mariana R.P.; Yamamoto, Tetsuya; Arias-Carrión, Óscar; Rocha, Nuno; Nardi, Antônio Egídio; Machado, Sérgio; Cardoso, Adriana

doi:10.2174/1871527313666140612102321

Cited by 29 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This result is consistent with other studies showing that depression is associated with deficits in executive control45636. The executive control of attention has been extensively related to the activity of several frontal and parietal areas (FPN37), and in particular to the activation of the ACC, which depends on the mesocortical DA system383940.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Venlafaxine treatment reduces the deficit of executive control of attention in patients with major depressive disorder

Tian

Spagna

Mackie

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Attention plays an essential role in supporting other cognitive functions and behavior, and disturbance of attention is one of the most common symptoms in major depressive disorder (MDD). Although treatment with venlafaxine for MDD symptoms has been shown to reduce deficits in cognition and emotion regulation, it remains unclear whether venlafaxine improves specific attentional functions. We used the Attention Network Test to measure the attentional functions of alerting, orienting, and executive control before and after treatment with venlafaxine in patients with MDD compared to untreated healthy controls. Before treatment, the MDD group showed a selective impairment in alerting and executive control of attention, while there were no significant group differences in the orienting function. The interaction between group and session was significant for executive control, and after treatment with venlafaxine, the performance of the MDD group on executive control of attention was not significantly different from that of controls. Reported symptoms of MDD were also significantly reduced after treatment with venlafaxine. These results demonstrate that treatment with venlafaxine selectively normalizes the executive control function of attention in addition to improving clinical symptoms in MDD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In addition to mood symptoms, it is often associated with deficits in attention234, executive functions456, and processing speed57. These are considered to be primary features of the disorder and have a negative impact on functional and social ability8910.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Venlafaxine treatment reduces the deficit of executive control of attention in patients with major depressive disorder

Tian

Spagna

Mackie

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…Dysfunction in prefrontal cortical circuits is commonly implicated in depression pathogenesis 15,18,[41][42][43] . Furthermore, these regions primarily play a role in executive functions and emotion regulation, which are often impaired in depression [33][34][35][36][37][38]44,45 . Prior focus on the frontal cortex may have indirectly inflated its relevance with the disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cortical structures are common targets of depression research, and expression patterns across the cerebral cortex are more consistent than subcortical tissues 26,[33][34][35][36][37][38] . Therefore, we restricted our analysis to cortical brain regions in both sexes by combining 18 region and sex-specific analyses.…”

Section: Cortical Across-study Meta-analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential and spatial expression meta-analysis of genes identified in genome-wide association studies of depression

Howard

Sibille

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder worldwide and affects individuals of all ages. It causes significant psychosocial impairments and is a major cause of disability. A recent consortium study identified 102 genetic variants and 269 genes associated with depression. To provide targets for future depression research, we prioritized these recently identified genes using expression data. We examined differential expression of these genes in three studies that profiled gene expression of MDD cases and controls across multiple brain regions. In addition, we integrated anatomical expression information to determine which brain regions and transcriptomic cell-types highly express the candidate genes. We highlight 11 of the 269 genes with the most consistent differential expression: MANEA , UBE2M , CKB , ITPR3 , SPRY2 , SAMD5 , TMEM106B , ZC3H7B , LST1 , ASXL3 and HSPA1A . The majority of these top genes were found to have sex-specific differential expression. We place greater emphasis on MANEA as it is the top gene in a more conservative analysis of the 269. Specifically, differential expression of MANEA was strongest in cerebral cortex regions and had opposing sex-specific effects. Anatomically, our results suggest the importance of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus, cholinergic, monoaminergic, and enteric neurons. These findings provide a guide for targeted experiments to advance our understanding of the genetic underpinnings of depression.

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“…Hb changes were measured during three different cognitive tasks: VFT, Stroop task, and two-back task. These tasks were chosen as they measure executive functioning, which is a kind of cognitive deficit associated mostly with depression [39][40][41] and frontal asymmetry [42].…”

Section: Cognitive Tasksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prefrontal Asymmetry during Cognitive Tasks and Its Relationship with Suicide Ideation in Major Depressive Disorder: An fNIRS Study

Baik

Jeongyoun

Choi³

et al. 2019

Diagnostics

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Reduced oxygenation changes in the prefrontal cortex during cognitive tasks have been reported in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, prefrontal asymmetry during cognitive tasks and its relation to suicide ideations have been less frequently examined in patients with MDD. This study investigated prefrontal asymmetry and its moderating effect on the relationship between depression severity and suicidal ideation in MDD patients during cognitive tasks. Forty-two patients with MDD and 64 healthy controls (HCs) were assessed for changes in oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin (Hb) in the prefrontal cortex using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during the verbal fluency task (VFT), Stroop task, and two-back task. Depression, anxiety, and suicide ideation were measured through self-report questionnaires. Relatively smaller left oxy-Hb changes during VFT, but not during the Stroop or two-back tasks, were found in MDD patients compared with HCs. Furthermore, prefrontal asymmetry during VFT moderated the effect of depression severity on suicide ideation, and was significantly and positively correlated with suicide ideation in patients with MDD. Specifically, relatively greater left oxy-Hb changes were associated with greater suicide ideation. These findings suggest fNIRS-measured prefrontal asymmetry as a potential biomarker for MDD and for the assessment of suicidal risk in patients with MDD.

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Executive Function Impairments in Patients with Depression

Cited by 29 publications

References 45 publications

Venlafaxine treatment reduces the deficit of executive control of attention in patients with major depressive disorder

Venlafaxine treatment reduces the deficit of executive control of attention in patients with major depressive disorder

Differential and spatial expression meta-analysis of genes identified in genome-wide association studies of depression

Prefrontal Asymmetry during Cognitive Tasks and Its Relationship with Suicide Ideation in Major Depressive Disorder: An fNIRS Study

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