Executive function and appetitive processes in the self-control of alcohol use: The moderational role of drinking restraint

Tahaney, Kelli D.; Kantner, Carl W.; Palfai, Tibor P.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.703

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The finding that working memory capacity only moderated the relationship between valence associations and alcohol use in those who were strongly motivated is consistent with dual process models (Gladwin et al., ; Wiers et al., ) and previous research (Tahaney et al., ) and suggests that the ability to control one's automatic impulse to drink only becomes relevant when one is motivated to do so. In other words, the combination of both strong motivation and high working memory capacity appears to be required to successfully inhibit the effect of automatic associations on drinking.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Only a few studies have attempted to test the joint contribution of automatic biases, executive functions, and motivation to restrain (Ostafin et al., ; Sharbanee et al., ; Tahaney et al., ). An experimental study in heavy‐drinking adults found that positive alcohol associations were more predictive of alcohol use during a taste test after performing a task that depleted cognitive recourses, than after a control task requiring little cognitive effort (Ostafin et al., ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, all participants were given a situational incentive to restrain their alcohol use, consistent with the assumption that the interplay between automatic processes and executive control only becomes apparent when individuals are motivated to exert control over their impulses. Recently, this assumption was explicitly tested in a heavy‐drinking, largely student sample (Tahaney et al., ). As expected, it was found that the interaction between appetitive responses and executive functions predicted real‐life alcohol use in individuals with high, but not in those with low levels of restraint.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Executive Functions and Motivation as Moderators of the Relationship Between Automatic Associations and Alcohol Use in Problem Drinkers Seeking Online Help

Deursen

Salemink

Boendermaker

et al. 2015

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Executive Functions and Motivation as Moderators of the Relationship Between Automatic Associations and Alcohol Use in Problem Drinkers Seeking Online Help

Deursen

Salemink

Boendermaker

et al. 2015

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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“…In contrast, WM might facilitate substance use among individuals who have little motivation to restrain from using (or have an intention to drink or use drugs) and have positive feelings toward alcohol or other drugs. Previous research has shown that appetitive behavior among those with better executive function can be directed by explicit attitudes, intentional goals and motivation . Hence, it is possible that WM can work in concert with spontaneous associations and interact with explicit or intentional goals and motivation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescents at risk for drug abuse: a 3‐year dual‐process analysis

et al. 2017

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Aims To test longitudinal additive and synergistic dual process models in youth at documented risk for drug use. The specific dual process approach examined suggests that engaging in drug use behaviors results from a dynamic interplay between automatically-activated associative memory processes and executive reflective/control processes. Design This 3-year, three-wave population-based prospective study used mobile computer-based assessments. Setting Self-directed computer assessments were completed in school settings in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, California, USA. Participants 725 at-risk adolescents (44% female) in continuation high schools were recruited during 9th grade (age at recruitment, 14 to 16). Measurements Key outcome measures included past year alcohol, marijuana and cigarette use at each assessment. Predictors included working memory capacity (WMC), associative memory, the interaction term WMC by associative memory, sex, age, ethnicity, and acculturation. Findings A significant cross-sectional interaction revealed tobacco-relevant associations were weaker predictors of cigarette use among males with higher WMC than among those with lower WMC (p<0.004). Alternatively, drug-relevant associations were stronger predictors of past year alcohol (p<0.001) and marijuana use (p=0.02) among females with higher WMC than among those with lower WMC. Longitudinal analyses revealed no significant interactions after adjusting for predictive effects of previous drug use. With respect to WMC, females with higher WMC were less likely to use marijuana at two-year follow-up (p=0.03). First-order effects of drug-related associations prospectively predicted greater alcohol and marijuana use in males at one and two-year follow up (p≤0.03), and greater past year alcohol and marijuana use in females at one-year follow up (p≤0.03). Conclusions Drug-relevant memory associations play a key role in drug use behavior in at-risk youth.

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“…Although smoking restraint is a relatively new concept, the alcohol restraint research identifies the construct to be of clinical importance in drinking reduction and as a potential target for treatment (Jones, Cole, Goudie, & Field, 2011; Tahaney, Kantner, & Palfai, 2014). Indeed, smoking reduction and cessation interventions have found that teaching coping skills improves success rates (van Osch, et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and psychometric properties of the Smoking Restraint Questionnaire.

Blake

Ferguson

Palmer

et al. 2016

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors

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Objective Restraint is a component of self-control that focuses on the deliberate reduction of an undesired behaviour and is theorised to play a role in smoking reduction and cessation. However, there exists no instrument to assess smoking restraint. This research aimed to develop the Smoking Restraint Questionnaire (SRQ) to meet this need. Methods Participants were 406 smokers (48% female; 52.2% non-daily) with a mean age of 38.83 years (SD = 12.05). They completed a baseline questionnaire designed to assess smoking restraint. They also completed 21-days of ecological momentary assessment (EMA), during which they recorded each cigarette smoked and answered questions related to planned restraint every morning, and restraint attempts every evening. Results The 4-item questionnaire of smoking restraint was found to fit a single factor (RMSEA = .038, CFI = .99, TLI = .99), and the resulting composite was reliable (composite reliability = 0.74). The questionnaire contains items that assess the setting of weekly restraint goals and attempts at not lighting up when tempted to smoke. Participant SRQ scores positively correlated with EMA data on plans to restrain (p < .001) and frequency of restraint attempts (p < .001). These correlations suggest that the SRQ has good predictive validity in relation to the intention and behaviours of smoking reduction. Conclusions The SRQ is promising as a measure of smoking restraint, and may enable further research and insights into smoking reduction and cessation.

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Executive function and appetitive processes in the self-control of alcohol use: The moderational role of drinking restraint

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Executive Functions and Motivation as Moderators of the Relationship Between Automatic Associations and Alcohol Use in Problem Drinkers Seeking Online Help

Executive Functions and Motivation as Moderators of the Relationship Between Automatic Associations and Alcohol Use in Problem Drinkers Seeking Online Help

Adolescents at risk for drug abuse: a 3‐year dual‐process analysis

Development and psychometric properties of the Smoking Restraint Questionnaire.

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