Executive deficits: A continuum schizophrenia–bipolar disorder or specific to schizophrenia?

Does cognitive performance map to categorical diagnoses of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and bipolar disorder? A discriminant functions analysis

“…This fits with broader evidence indicating a significant cross-over in the magnitude of impairments in higher level executive and working memory processes between these disorders (Ancín et al, 2013;Glahn et al, 2006). They also support recent findings showing that working memory dysfunction in BD and SZ maps onto the same underlying neural networks, albeit in a graded fashion (Brandt et al, 2014;Hamilton et al, 2009).…”

Evidence for cognitive subgroups in bipolar disorder and the influence of subclinical depression and sleep disturbances

“…However, a great number of bipolar patients (BP) report persistent cognitive impairments even after remission of an acute episode. Recent studies verified cognitive impairments during euthymia with deficits up to one standard deviation below average in psychomotor speed, attention, working memory, long term memory and executive functioning (Ancin et al, 2013;Burdick et al, 2010;Hellvin et al, 2012;Martinez-Aran et al, 2004;Ryan et al, 2012;Thompson et al, 2005). With the exception of crystallised abilities (e.g.…”

“…Another often reported finding is that patients diagnosed with BD Type-I have more cognitive deficits than patients with BD Type-II (Aminoff et al, 2013;Ancin et al, 2013;Palsson et al, 2013;Torrent et al, 2006). However, Dittmann et al (2008) and Chaves et al (2011) found no neuropsychological differences between these two diagnosis types.…”

“…For instance, significant associations between cognitive deficits and greater number of episodes have been found (Martinez-Aran et al, 2004;Thompson et al, 2005). Furthermore, higher incidences of manic episodes (Aminoff et al, 2013;Bourne et al, 2013;Lopez-Jaramillo et al, 2010), longer duration of disease (Ryan et al, 2012;Torrent et al, 2012), and more hospitalisations were described to be associated with cognitive impairment (Ancin et al, 2013;Ryan et al, 2012). Therefore, some authors suggested that severe mood symptoms could act like stress-induced neurotoxins (Lopez-Jaramillo et al, 2010).…”

Association between longitudinal changes in prefrontal hemodynamic responses and social adaptation in patients with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder

“…Cognitive function can be a major determinant of social functioning in patients with various psychiatric disorders (Pu et al, 2013). Cross-sectional studies have shown that patients with bipolar disorder (BD) typically exhibit deficits in executive function (Ancín et al, 2013;Martino et al, 2013). These deficits have been shown to improve with reductions in symptom severity (Torres et al, 2014).…”