Executive Cognitive Function and Food Intake in Children

Riggs, Nathaniel R.; Spruijt‐Metz, Donna; Sakuma, Kazuhiko; Chou, Chih-Ping; Pentz, Mary Ann

doi:10.1016/j.jneb.2009.11.003

Cited by 116 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It may be that while BMI has been shown to predict parents’ use of restriction (Rhee et al, 2009; Rifas et al, 2010), it may not impact how young children respond to restriction. Instead, child characteristics such as behavioral inhibition and RRV of food, which are more closely related to children’s eating behaviors (Riggs, Spruijt-Metz, Sakuma, Chou, & Pentz, 2010; Temple et al, 2008), may be better predictors of how children respond to restriction. However, it is also possible that the failure to observe a significant effect of BMI is due to the small sample size and the relatively low percentage of overweight children in the sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anzman and Birch (2009) found that when 7-year old girls’ perceived greater parental restriction and had lower inhibitory control—a self-regulatory dimension of temperament that refers to a child’s reduced ability to plan and suppress inappropriate approach responses under instructions to do so, or in novel uncertain situations (Rothbart, Ahadi, & Evans, 2000)—, they displayed the greatest weight gain from ages 7 to 15, relative to their counterparts. In general, children lower in self-regulation show greater intakes of palatable, energy-dense foods (Riggs, Spruijt-Metz, Sakuma, Chou, & Pentz, 2010) and it may be that these children are less able to control their intake of forbidden foods when access is given and thus be at greater risk for the negative effects of restriction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of restriction on children’s intake differ by child temperament, food reinforcement, and parent’s chronic use of restriction

et al. 2014

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Parents’ use of restrictive feeding practices is counterproductive, increasing children’s intake of restricted foods and risk for excessive weight gain. The aims of this research were to replicate Fisher and Birch’s (1999b) original findings that short-term restriction increases preschool children’s (3–5 y) selection, intake, and behavioral response to restricted foods, and to identify characteristics of children who were more susceptible to the negative effects of restriction. The experiment used a within-subjects design; 37 children completed the food reinforcement task and heights/weights were measured. Parents reported on their use of restrictive feeding practices and their child’s inhibitory control and approach. Overall, the findings replicated those of Fisher and Birch (1999b) and revealed that the effects of restriction differed by children’s regulatory and appetitive tendencies. Greater increases in intake in response to restriction were observed among children lower in inhibitory control, higher in approach, who found the restricted food highly reinforcing, and who had previous experience with parental use of restriction. Results confirm that parents’ use of restriction does not moderate children’s consumption of these foods, particularly among children with lower regulatory or higher appetitive tendencies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of restriction on children’s intake differ by child temperament, food reinforcement, and parent’s chronic use of restriction

et al. 2014

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“…Only very few observational studies have assessed the relationship between ER and obesity in children. Therefore, related factors such as executive function and self-control, which include similar aspects of ER, have also been included in the overview shown in Table 2 (51,52, [65][66][67][68][69][70][71] . Although the evidence is modest, better ER-related skills were associated with a healthier diet (more fruit/vegetables and less snack food, although not all studies reported significant findings), higher physical activity and, in some cases, a healthier weight status.…”

Section: A New Model For the Role Of Emotion Regulation In Obesity Dementioning

confidence: 99%

The role of emotion regulation in childhood obesity: implications for prevention and treatment

et al. 2016

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Stress and negative emotions pose a major threat to public health, by increasing the risk of obesity. Since the management process for emotions (emotion regulation; ER) is developed in childhood, we present a novel conceptual framework model for the role of ER in the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity. A narrative review of the literature by electronic database search (MEDLINE, Web of Knowledge and Scopus) was conducted of observational and interventional/experimental literature on ER and obesity and the underlying concepts. We also present an overview of ER intervention techniques. Our model indicates that childhood ER is a link between stress and obesity. Stress along with ineffective ER leads to abnormal cortisol patterns, emotional eating, sedentary lifestyle, reduction of physical activity, and sleep problems. Simultaneously, a healthy lifestyle could show benefits on ER and in developing adaptive ER strategies. In the development of obesity and ER, parents also play a role. By contrast, effective ER skills decrease obesity-related unhealthy behaviour and enhance protective factors, which boost health. The literature contains some observational studies of children but very few intervention studies, most of which are pilot or on-going studies. In conclusion, encouraging effective ER could be a useful new approach for combating and treating childhood obesity. Future ER intervention studies are needed to confirm the validity of this model in children.

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“…For example, Nigg and colleagues have demonstrated that independent of a number of parental and child covariates, poor response inhibition predicted alcohol-related problems, illicit drug use, and comorbid alcohol and drug use in adolescents (Nigg et al, 2006). Recent studies have also investigated the role of ECF and related constructs such as self-regulation in risk factors for obesity (Davis et al, 2007;Francis & Susman, 2009, Graziano, Calkins, & Keane, 2010Guerrieri, Nederkoorn, & Jansen, 2008;Nederkoorn, Braet, Eijs, Tanghe, & Jansen, 2006;Riggs, Spruijt-Metz, Sakuma, Chou, & Pentz, 2010). For example, Graziano and colleagues provide evidence for a prospective relationship between self-regulation skills and body mass index (BMI) in toddlers 2 years of age.…”

Section: Please Scroll Down For Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between executive cognitive function and lifetime substance use and obesity-related behaviors in fourth grade youth

Riggs

Spruijt‐Metz

Chou

et al. 2012

Child Neuropsychology

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A common factor related to both substance use and obesity is neuropsychological function. Executive cognitive function (ECF) is an overarching construct that represents individual neurocognitive skills involved in self-regulated, problem-solving, and goal-directed health behavior. The current study investigates cross-sectional associations among ECF and substance use, food intake, physical activity, and sedentary behavior in fourth grade children. Participants included 1,587, fourth grade children assessed at baseline of a school-based obesity prevention program entitled Pathways to Health. General linear models demonstrated that after covarying for other important factors, ECF proficiency was negatively associated with substance use, high-calorie snack food intake, and sedentary behavior. ECF proficiency was positively associated with fruit and vegetable intake as well as physical activity during out-of-school time. Results demonstrate that ECF can vary with respect to its relationship with multiple health behaviors, even within health outcomes (i.e., obesity). One implication is the potential of study findings to be translated into public health or clinical interventions that promote ECF as a correlate of both substance use and obesity-related behaviors.

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Executive Cognitive Function and Food Intake in Children

Cited by 116 publications

References 29 publications

Effects of restriction on children’s intake differ by child temperament, food reinforcement, and parent’s chronic use of restriction

Effects of restriction on children’s intake differ by child temperament, food reinforcement, and parent’s chronic use of restriction

The role of emotion regulation in childhood obesity: implications for prevention and treatment

Relationships between executive cognitive function and lifetime substance use and obesity-related behaviors in fourth grade youth

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