Excursion to Grays

Dibley, G.E.; Kennard, A. S.

doi:10.1016/s0016-7878(16)80013-9

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…With the exception of isolated finds of small flakes within the higher sandy and gravelly strata, the anthropogenic origin of which is equivocal, the archaeological record at West Thurrock is restricted to the lower gravel (Crayford Member). The 'Levallois floor' occurs, exactly as described by Dibley and Kennard (1916), in this gravel, at the foot of a Chalk cliff and beneath a thick sequence of Quaternary sediments.…”

Section: Archaeological Investigations: the Palaeolithic 'Floor'mentioning

confidence: 64%

“…The existence of a rich Palaeolithic site in the side of a tramway cutting leading into one of many chalk quarries (the Lion Pit) at West Thurrock has been known since the early years of the 20th century (Hinton & Kennard 1900;Dibley & Kennard 1916;Warren 1923a;1923b). The cutting (TQ 598783) lies on the west side of the parish of Thurrock, approximately 1 km north of the River Thames ( Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the early years of the 20th century, a Palaeolithic 'working floor' was discovered at the Lion Pit by A.S. Kennard in 'Middle Terrace deposits against a chalk cliff (Dibley & Kennard 1916). Warren (1923a;1923b) subsequently referred to a rich assemblage of tortoise cores and Levallois flakes in the basal gravel at West Thurrock as a 'proto-Mousterian industry' but later described it as a 'mid-Levallois working site' (Warren 1942).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Levallois Knapping Site at West Thurrock, Lower Thames, UK: its Quaternary Context, Environment and Age

Schreve

Harding

White

et al. 2006

Proc. Prehist. Soc.

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Section: Archaeological Investigations: the Palaeolithic 'Floor'mentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Levallois Knapping Site at West Thurrock, Lower Thames, UK: its Quaternary Context, Environment and Age

Schreve

Harding

White

et al. 2006

Proc. Prehist. Soc.

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“…Assemblages from the middle and lower Thames sites were almost entirely amassed during the 19th and early 20th century, and current understanding of the archaeological record is mostly drawn from a reappraisal of antiquarian collections from gravel pits in the London area. These include Creffield Road, Acton (Brown, 1887); West Drayton and Yiewsley in West London (Brown, 1895); the Lion Pit Tramway Cutting, West Thurrock (Essex) (Dibley and Kennard 1916, Warren 1923, Bridgland and Harding 1994, Schreve et al 2006, deposits infilling the Ebbsfleet Valley, including the locality often referred to as 'Baker's Hole' (Smith 1911, Burchell 1935, 1936a, 1936b, 1957, Kerney and Sieveking 1977, Wenban-Smith 1995, Scott et al 2010) and a number of brickearth pits near Crayford (Kent), most notably Stoneham's Pit, which provides an extraordinary set of refitting knapping sequences (Spurrell 1880(Spurrell , 1884. Aveley (Essex) provides a more recently excavated sequence (Candy and Schreve 2007, Schreve 1997, 2001a, 2001b but only a small assemblage of artefacts (n = 8) was recovered, which included a small, extensively worked Levallois core (White et al 2006).…”

Section: Data Availability Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleistocene environments, climate, and human activity in Britain during Marine Isotope Stage 7: insights from Oak Tree Fields, Cerney Wick, Gloucestershire

Hogue

Wilkinson

Allison

et al. 2023

J Quaternary Science

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Investigations at Oak Tree Fields, Cerney Wick, Gloucestershire, in western England have revealed a sequence of fluvial deposits dating from Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 7 to 5. At the base of the sequence, a series of gravel and sand facies were deposited, initially as part of a meandering river. Reductions in flow energy of the latter and avulsion led to the development of short‐lived channels and episodic backwater environments, the deposits of which are recorded as Facies Associations 1–3. Poorly sorted, probably colluvial deposits formed beyond the limit of the channel (Facies Association 4). Mollusca, Coleoptera, plant macrofossils, pollen and vertebrates recovered from the channel facies indicate broadly similar climatic conditions throughout accretion. Temperature ranges derived from mutual climatic range analysis of the Coleoptera almost completely overlap with those of Cerney Wick at the present day, albeit that winters may have been cooler when the channel was active. Further, the floral and faunal data suggest that the meandering river flowed through an open grassland environment, the latter heavily grazed by large vertebrates, most notably mammoth. Most of the botanical and faunal remains, together with four optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) age estimates ranging from 225 ± 23 to 187 ± 19 ka, suggest correlation of the channel deposits with MIS 7. The basal deposits (Facies Association 1) yielded the majority of vertebrate remains and all the lithic artefacts, most of which seem likely to have travelled only a short distance. Although only a few artefacts were recovered, they add to the relatively limited evidence of human activity from the upper Thames. The channel deposits are overlain by sheet gravels (Facies Association 5) which are attributed to the Northmoor Member of the Upper Thames Formation. These were likely to have been deposited as bedload in a braided stream environment, while two OSL age estimates of 129 ± 14 and 112 ± 11 ka suggest accumulation during MIS 5.

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Technology and Landscape Use in the Early Middle Palaeolithic of the Thames Valley

Scott¹,

Ashton²,

Lewis³

et al. 2011

Developments in Quaternary Sciences

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Excursion to Grays

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

A Levallois Knapping Site at West Thurrock, Lower Thames, UK: its Quaternary Context, Environment and Age

A Levallois Knapping Site at West Thurrock, Lower Thames, UK: its Quaternary Context, Environment and Age

Pleistocene environments, climate, and human activity in Britain during Marine Isotope Stage 7: insights from Oak Tree Fields, Cerney Wick, Gloucestershire

Technology and Landscape Use in the Early Middle Palaeolithic of the Thames Valley

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