Excretion of lumpy skin disease virus in bull semen

Irons, Pete Charles; Tuppurainen, Eeva; Venter, Estelle Hildegard

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2004.06.013

Cited by 104 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This is in agreement with the observation of Irons et al [14]. No viral nucleic acid was detected by PCR in the vaccinated group at any point till the trial was terminated.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Previous work by this group indicated that testing for the presence of LSDV in bull semen by PCR is much more sensitive than virus isolation, due largely to the toxicity of bovine semen to tissue cultures [14] and [25]. While centrifugation and serial dilution of samples reduce the toxicity and do allow for observation of cytopathic effects [1], the sensitivity of the test is reduced by these methods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contact transmission between animals may occur at low rate but cannot be considered to play a significant role in transmission during epizootics [2] and [5]. Lumpy skin disease virus is excreted in the semen of susceptible bulls following experimental infection [14] and [26]. This is a potential risk in the movement of semen from countries where LSD occurs to countries free of the disease, although there is no evidence to suggest transmission via infected semen.…”

Section: Lumpy Skin Disease (Lsd) Is Caused By a Virus In The Genus Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Absence of lumpy skin disease virus in semen of vaccinated bulls following vaccination and subsequent experimental infection

Osuagwuh

Bagla

Venter

et al. 2007

Vaccine

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Twelve serologically negative bulls were used, six were vaccinated with a modified live LSD vaccine and six unvaccinated. All were then experimentally infected with a virulent field strain of LSDV. No clinical abnormality was detected following vaccination, and mild clinical signs were seen in four vaccinated bulls following challenge. Virus was not found in semen of vaccinated bulls. Two of the unvaccinated bulls developed severe LSD and four showed mild symptoms, all excreted the virus in the semen following challenge.This study confirmed the ability of LSD vaccination to prevent the excretion of LSDV in semen of vaccinated bulls.

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“…This is in agreement with the observation of Irons et al [14]. No viral nucleic acid was detected by PCR in the vaccinated group at any point till the trial was terminated.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lumpy Skin Disease (Lsd) Is Caused By a Virus In The Genus Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Absence of lumpy skin disease virus in semen of vaccinated bulls following vaccination and subsequent experimental infection

Osuagwuh

Bagla

Venter

et al. 2007

Vaccine

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“…It is characterized by fever; multiple firms circumscribed raised nodules in the skin, ulcerative lesions in mucosa, pneumonia, generalized lymphadenitis, and edema of the ventral parts of the body and limbs. The disease is listed by the Office International des Epizooties in "List A" due to its rapid spread and severe economic losses such as hide damage, decrease in milk production and weight gain, mastitis, infertility in males and females, decreased semen quality, and death (Davies 1991;Barnard et al 1994;Carn and Kitching 1995;Irons et al 2005;OIE 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of different diagnostic methods for diagnosis of Lumpy skin disease in cows

Awad

Ibrahim

Mahran

et al. 2009

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Viral isolation, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), dot blot hybridization (DBH), and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) were used for the diagnosis of lumpy skin disease in clinically infected, fevered, and apparently normal dairy cows. Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) was isolated from skin biopsies and blood samples collected from clinically infected cows in percentages of 72% and 20%, respectively. The virus recovered from blood samples collected from fevered cows in percentage of 33.3%. Both PCR and DBH detected viral DNA in 100% of skin biopsies collected from clinically infected cows whereas the detection rates in blood samples collected from clinically infected animals were 100% and 84% using PCR and DBH, respectively. Viral DNA was detected in blood samples collected from fevered cows using PCR and DBH in percentages of 77.8% and 66.6%, respectively. Only 19.1% of blood samples collected from in-contact cows was positive for both of PCR and DBH. Detection rates of antibodies against LSDV using iELISA in serum samples collected from clinically infected and fevered cows were 56% and 11.1%, respectively, whereas all in-contact cows had no antibodies against the virus.

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“…Body temperature was recorded daily and blood samples (EDTA and serum) were collected on 0, 3,4,5,6,7,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,24 and 26 dpi after the transfer of partially fed ticks. Serum samples were tested for neutralizing antibodies using a constant-virus/varying-serum neutralization test [8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical transmission of lumpy skin disease virus by Rhipicephalus appendiculatus male ticks

et al. 2012

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SUMMARYLumpy skin disease (LSD) is an economically important, acute or sub-acute, viral disease of cattle that occurs across Africa and in the Middle East. The aim of this study was to investigate if lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) can be transmitted mechanically by African brown ear ticks (Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Neum.). Laboratory-bred R. appendiculatus males were fed on experimentally infected viraemic 'donor ' cattle. Partially fed male ticks were then transferred to feed on an uninfected ' recipient ' cow. The recipient animal became viraemic, showed mild clinical signs of LSD and seroconverted. Additionally, R. appendiculatus males were found to transmit LSDV through feeding on skin lacking visible lesions, demonstrating that viraemic animals without lesions at the feeding site of ticks may be a source of infection. This is the first time that transmission of poxviruses by a tick species has been demonstrated and the importance of this mode of transmission in the spread of LSDV in endemic settings is discussed.

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Excretion of lumpy skin disease virus in bull semen

Cited by 104 publications

References 11 publications

Absence of lumpy skin disease virus in semen of vaccinated bulls following vaccination and subsequent experimental infection

Absence of lumpy skin disease virus in semen of vaccinated bulls following vaccination and subsequent experimental infection

Evaluation of different diagnostic methods for diagnosis of Lumpy skin disease in cows

Mechanical transmission of lumpy skin disease virus by Rhipicephalus appendiculatus male ticks

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