PORPHYRIA is considered to be an "inborn error" in the metabolism of the porphyrins.* Many of its clinical manifestations are neurologic or psychiatric or both. Indeed, it does not seem to be unusual to have the metabolic disorder discovered only after the neuropsychiatric symptoms have developed. This imposes a responsibility on the part of the physician to be alert to the possibility of such a process in appropriate neurologic and psychiatric cases and to be acquainted with the symptoms and signs produced by this disorder of pyrrole metabolism. For this reason, we wish to report three cases illustrating the different clinical features of the disease and the neuropathologic changes observed in two of them.
REPORT OF CASESCase 1.\p=m-\N.T., a Negro girl, aged 17, was admitted to the hospital on April 9, 1944, complaining of vomiting and pain in the right side of her abdomen. These symptoms had developed quite suddenly on April 5 and had persisted so that she had been sent into the hospital with a diagnosis of "acute appendicitis" or some "acute inflammatory disease" in the "pelvis." For about a year before this, she was said to have had recurrent attacks of abdominal pain, but they were never so severe or so prolonged as the present attack. She also claimed to have had a similar pain, but milder, on the second or third day of her menstruation. Before the present illness, she had had some nocturia, and since the onset she had experienced painful, difficult urination.Her mother, father, three brothers, and three sisters were apparently healthy. The physical examination on admission revealed the abdomen to be soft and relaxed. There was tenderness on deep pressure over the whole abdomen, more marked in the right lower quadrant. Peristalsis was felt to be decreased. The neurologic examination was essentially negative at this time.On admission, the temperature was 99.4 F., pulse rate 98 per minute, and respiratory rate 24 per minute. The blood pressure on April 12 was 145/105. Laboratory Studies on Admission.-Erythrocytes were 4,130,000 per cubic millimeter of blood and leucocytes 13,550; of the latter 77% were neutrophiles, 21% were lymphocytes, and 2% were monocytes. The urine was red-brown in color and showed a specific gravity of 1.035, a slight trace of albumin, no sugar, a negative benzidine test, no erythrocytes, and 5 to 8 leuko¬ cytes per high-power field. The sedimentation rate was 40 mm. in an hour.