Excretion and Production of Testosterone in Normal Children, in Children with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, and in Children with Precocious Puberty

Degenhart, H. J.; Visser, Henk; Wilmink, R

doi:10.1203/00006450-197007000-00001

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In addition, high 5a:5ß ratios were noted in male infants under the age of one year in comparison with those found in older children. This has not been reported previously but is theoretically sound since plasma levels of testosterone are relatively high during infancy (Boon et al 1972;Degenhart et al 1970;Rivarola et al 1968). Furthermore, when parenteral testosterone was given to infant boys there was a rise in the 5a:5ß ratio which lasted several months (Teller 1967).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

The Excretion of Individual Adrenocortical Steroids During Normal Childhood and Adolescence

Dc¹,

Cc²,

MacCafferty³

et al. 1975

Acta Endocrinologica

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The excretion of 7 individual 17-oxosteroids and 7 individual corticosteroids in 24 h urine samples from 62 normal infants, children and adolescents, based on an accurate and specific paper chromatographic method for their separation and quantitation, is reported. The excretion of the 11-deoxy-17-oxosteroids gradually increases from 7 years of age and the increase becomes more rapid 2 or 3 years before the clinical signs of puberty appear. The rise continues throughout puberty and beyond it until the adult level is reached. The increase far exceeds that which would be accounted for by the growth of the individual. The increase in the excretion of the 11-oxy-17-oxosteroids with age is much more gradual. Androgens favour the formation of 5\g=a\metabolites and the 5\g=a\:5\g=b\ ratio of the total 5\g=a\17-oxosteroids and the total 5\g=b\ 17-oxosteroids shows a statistically significant increase with age. In addition, a relatively high 5\ g=a\ : 5\ g=b\ ratio is noted in male infants, which is likely to be related to their relatively high plasma testosterone levels. The excretion of the 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and the \g=a\-ketolicmetabolites of cortisol gradually rises with age and correlates with body weight. The ') Present address:

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

The Excretion of Individual Adrenocortical Steroids During Normal Childhood and Adolescence

Dc¹,

Cc²,

MacCafferty³

et al. 1975

Acta Endocrinologica

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“…Available data do not indicate if such a change occurs in men (Frasier and Horton, 1966;Forest and Migeon, 1970). It is very difficult to differentiate the amounts of steroids produced by gonads and adrenals and, moreover, there is peripheral conversion of androstenedione to testosterone and vice versa (Degenhart et al, 1970).…”

Section: -mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During childhood the ovary and testis histologically show no signs of activity. However, using sensitive techniques, small amounts of testosterone (Frasier and Horton, 1966;Forest and Migeon, 1970;Degenhart, Visser, and Wilmink, 1970), oestradiol (Knorr, Kirschner, and Taylor, 1970), and gonadotropins have been estimated in plasma and urine of prepubertal children. Several authors have reported that prepubertal boys respond to administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) for 4 to 15 days with an increased excretion of urinary testosterone (Loras, Ollagnon, and Bertrand, 1966), or with an increase in plasma testosterone levels (Saez and Bertrand, 1968;Rivarola, Bergada, and Cullen, 1970).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Some physiological and clinical aspects of puberty.

Visser¹

1973

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Puberty is usually taken to be the process of maturation of the sexually immature child into the sexually mature adolescent, while the term adolescence has been used to describe that period of human development when secondary sex characteristics have appeared completely but full maturity has not been reached. Recently psychologists and child psychiatrists have been using the term adolescence particularly to refer to the emotional and behavioural development and the changes in social interaction during this period of life. In this review we shall use, as Tanner (1962), the words puberty and adolescence without distinction.This review will emphasize physiological rather than clinical aspects of puberty. Several excellent books and review papers on the subject are available (

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Development and Evaluation of Ontogeny Functions of the Major UDP‐Glucuronosyltransferase Enzymes to Underwrite Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling in Pediatric Populations

Farhan,

Dahal,

Wahlstrom

2024

The Journal of Clinical Pharma

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Uridine 5′‐diphospho‐glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) demonstrate variable expression in the pediatric population. Thus, understanding of age‐dependent maturation of UGTs is critical for accurate pediatric pharmacokinetics (PK) prediction of drugs that are susceptible for glucuronidation. Ontogeny functions of major UGTs have been previously developed and reported. However, those ontogeny functions are based on in vitro data (i.e., enzyme abundance, in vitro substrate activity, and so on) and therefore, may not translate to in vivo maturation of UGTs in the clinical setting. This report describes meta‐analysis of the literature to develop and compare ontogeny functions for 8 primary UGTs (UGT1A1, UGT1A4, UGT1A6, UGT1A9, UGT2B7, UGT2B10, UGT2B15, and UGT2B17) based on published in vitro and in vivo studies. Once integrated with physiologically based pharmacokinetics modeling models, in vivo activity‐based ontogeny functions demonstrated somewhat greater prediction accuracy (mean squared error, MSE: 0.05) compared to in vitro activity (MSE: 0.104) and in vitro abundance‐based ontogeny functions (MSE: 0.129).

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Excretion and Production of Testosterone in Normal Children, in Children with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, and in Children with Precocious Puberty

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

The Excretion of Individual Adrenocortical Steroids During Normal Childhood and Adolescence

The Excretion of Individual Adrenocortical Steroids During Normal Childhood and Adolescence

Some physiological and clinical aspects of puberty.

Development and Evaluation of Ontogeny Functions of the Major UDP‐Glucuronosyltransferase Enzymes to Underwrite Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling in Pediatric Populations

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