Exciton polaritons in semiconductor waveguides

Walker, P. M.; Tinkler, L.; Durska, M.; Whittaker, D. M.; Luxmoore, I. J.; Royall, B.; Krizhanovskii, D. N.; Skolnick, M. S.; Farrer, I.; Ritchie, D. A.

doi:10.1063/1.4773590

Cited by 66 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The proof-of-principle experiment based on existing structures appears quite feasible for such systems. Similar schemes, but based on guided polariton modes could strongly limit radiative losses and the decay of the signal during the time of flight 35 . It could also facilitate the use of large band gap semiconductors, such as GaN or ZnO, which could allow to envisage room temperature operation 36 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coherence time for polaritons is in general considerably longer than the lifetime, and therefore the quantum computing schemes remain possible, although the signal intensity can significantly decrease during the device operation. On the other hand one can remark that the use of nonradiaitve guided polariton modes 35,36 can strongly limit these losses, keeping other advantages of the polariton system.…”

Section: Numerical Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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All optical controlled-NOT gate based on an exciton–polariton circuit

Solnyshkov

Bleu

Malpuech

2015

Superlattices and Microstructures

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We propose an implementation of a CNOT quantum gate for quantum computing based on a patterned microcavity polariton system, which can be manufactured using the modern technological facilities. The qubits are encoded in the spin of polaritons. The structure consists of two wire cavities oriented at 45 degrees with a micropillar between them. The polariton spin rotates due to the Longitudinal-Transverse splitting between polarisation eigenstates in the wires. In the pillar, the optically generated circularly polarised polariton macrooccupied state plays the role of the control qubit. Because of the spin-anisotropic polariton interaction, it induces an effective magnetic field along the Z-direction with a sign depending on the qubit value. Quantum computing has evolved a lot since the original idea of R. Feynmann 1 . Several quantum algorithms outperforming their classical analogs have been proposed and implemented more or less successfully. These algorithms, based on the quantum parallelism, target such problems like factoring large numbers into prime numbers 2 , optimization 3 , and search 4 . The incredible possibilities offered by quantum computers made the scientists invest a lot of efforts in this field. However, the implementation of these algorithms is haunted by serious obstacles, the most important one being the rapid decoherence of quantum bits (qubits). Various physical implementations of these algorithms have been proposed, the most important difference between them being the choice of the physical realization of the quantum states for encoding the qubits. The implementations can be based on discrete quantum states, such as the confined states of the quantum dots 5 , on the spin degree of freedom, as in liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance 6 , or on different combinations of the states of Bose-Einstein condensates 7 . All these degrees of freedom can be combined to encode information if one decides to make use of quantum microcavities in the strong coupling regime, and the corresponding 2-dimensional quasiparticles -excitonpolaritons. These particles are a superposition of light (photons confined in the microcavity) and matter (excitons in the quantum wells) 8 . They can be easily crated, controlled, and detected using optical means, and their polarization (spin) degree of freedom is easy to manipulate and measure as well 9 . Their in-plane spatial confinement can be organized by patterning the microcavity 10-15 and/or by applying external potentials, which can be created optically 24 as a basis for qubit representation. This approach, however, is limited by the use of the strongly damped upper polariton branch, which leads to rapid decoherence of the qubit 25 , and by the difficulties with the control of the qubit state, requiring large energy shifts. We propose to use the polarization degree of freedom of polaritons to encode information. For example, the circular-polarized σ + state can be assigned a logical 0 (|0 ), and the σ − state can be assigned a logical 1 (|1 ). A generic qubit is a super...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Numerical Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

All optical controlled-NOT gate based on an exciton–polariton circuit

Solnyshkov

Bleu

Malpuech

2015

Superlattices and Microstructures

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“…The effective nonlinear parameter  [6] in these waveguides can reach . Thus, such waveguides represent an excellent experimental platform for the demonstration of ultra-low-power self-sustained excitations.Optical modes of a waveguide with single or multiple quantum wells can couple to an excitonic resonance [2][3][4]. In the presence of waveguide spatial localization is mediated by the total internal reflection, i.e.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optical modes of a waveguide with single or multiple quantum wells can couple to an excitonic resonance [2][3][4]. In the presence of waveguide spatial localization is mediated by the total internal reflection, i.e.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Temporal dark polariton solitons

Kartashov

Skryabin

2016

Opt. Lett.

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Received XX Month XXXX; revised XX Month, XXXX; accepted XX Month XXXX; posted XX Month XXXX (Doc. ID XXXXX); published XX Month XXXX We predict that strong coupling between waveguide photons and excitons of quantum well embedded into waveguide results in the formation of hybrid dark and anti-dark light-matter solitons. Such temporal solitons exist due to interplay between repulsive excitonic nonlinearity and giant group velocity dispersion arising in the vicinity of excitonic resonance. Such fully conservative states do not require external pumping to counteract losses and form continuous families parameterized by the power-dependent phase shift and velocity of their motion. Dark solitons are stable in the considerable part of their existence domain, while anti-dark solitons are always unstable. Both families exist outside forbidden frequency gap of the linear system.Using strong light-matter coupling and record high levels of nonlinearity in the exciton-polariton micro-resonators, waveguides, and periodic lattices is becoming a rapidly developing branch of photonics showing a plethora of fundamental physical effects at the interface between optics and condensed matter physics [1]. Recently planar waveguides and photonic wires operating in the regime of strong coupling between photons and quantum-well excitons have been demonstrated [2][3][4][5] and used for observation of temporal and spatio-temporal solitons. The effective nonlinear parameter  [6] in these waveguides can reach . Thus, such waveguides represent an excellent experimental platform for the demonstration of ultra-low-power self-sustained excitations.Optical modes of a waveguide with single or multiple quantum wells can couple to an excitonic resonance [2][3][4]. In the presence of waveguide spatial localization is mediated by the total internal reflection, i.e. no Bragg mirrors in the cladding are necessary. Under these conditions the photon component of the polariton quasi-particle is given by the electro-magnetic waveguide mode detuned far away from the waveguide cut-off and having the dispersion profile linear over the bandwidth of several excitonic resonances. The latter are well described by the Lorentz oscillator model with the resonance energy upshifted through the repulsive excitonexciton interaction, which produces net defocusing nonlinearity for polaritons. This system features upper and lower polariton branches having respectively anomalous and normal group velocity dispersions. The latter case in combination with the defocusing excitonic nonlinearity gives rise to bright temporal solitons that have been demonstrated experimentally in [2], while the former case suggests the existence of dark temporal solitons that are under investigation in this Letter.One should mention the link between temporal excitations studied in this Letter and spatial dark polariton solitons forming in planar microresonators upon interaction with an obstacle [8,9]. As these solitons propagate with some slow velocities of few percent of the light velocity, they ...

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Topological Optical Waveguiding of Exciton‐Polariton Condensates

Beierlein,

Egorov,

Gagel

et al. 2024

Annalen der Physik

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Abstract1D models with topological non‐trivial band structures are a simple and effective way to study novel and exciting concepts in topological photonics. In this work, the propagation of light‐matter quasi‐particles, so‐called exciton‐polaritons, is studied in waveguide arrays. Specifically, topological states are being investigated at the interface between dimer chains, characterized by a non‐zero winding number. In order to exercise precise control over the polariton propagation, non‐resonant laser excitation, as well as resonant excitation, are studied in transmission geometry. The results highlight a new platform for the study of quantum fluids of light and non‐linear optical propagation effects in coupled semiconductor waveguides.

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Exciton polaritons in semiconductor waveguides

Cited by 66 publications

References 25 publications

All optical controlled-NOT gate based on an exciton–polariton circuit

All optical controlled-NOT gate based on an exciton–polariton circuit

Temporal dark polariton solitons

Topological Optical Waveguiding of Exciton‐Polariton Condensates

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