“…Glutamate accumulates in brain under hypoxic-ischemic conditions (Benveniste et al, 1984;Andine et al, 1991;Hagberg, 1992), and excessive activation of GluRs on neurons is a major mechanism in hypoxic-ischemic neuronal death (Choi, 1992;Hagberg et al, 1994). Rodent pre-OLs express ionotropic GluRs of the AMPA and kainate but not the NMDA subtypes (Gallo et al, 1994;Patneau et al, 1994;. AMPA-kainate receptor antagonists or OGD induces Ca 2ϩ -mediated excitotoxicity in pre-OLs more readily than in mature OLs (Fern and Moller, 2000;Yoshioka et al, 2000;Deng et al, 2003), and this increased vulnerability correlates with transient overexpression of GluRs in pre-OLs compared with mature OLs, both in vitro (Itoh et al, 2002;Rosenberg et al, 2003) and in vivo (Ong et al, 1996;Follett et al, 2000).…”