Excitability of contralateral and ipsilateral projections of corticobulbar pathways recorded as corticobulbar motor evoked potentials of the cricothyroid muscles

Vidaković, Maja Rogić; Schönwald, Marina Zmajević; Rotim, Krešimir; Jurić, Tomislav; Vulević, Zoran; Tafra, Robert; Banožić, Adriana; Hamata, Željko; Đogaš, Zoran

doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2014.11.001

Cited by 12 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…MEP latency and amplitude values from the cricopharyngeal sphincter muscles during cortical stimulation have been reported (Ertekin et al, 2001); single pulse responses from the cricothyroid muscles were also reported (Espadaler et al, 2012; Rogić Vidaković et al, 2015). Another laryngeal intrinsic muscle, the thyroarytenoid (TA), which directly controls the vocal folds by modulating vocal-fold tension when opposed by other intrinsic muscles, is highly relevant for the pathophysiology of speech related neurological disorders, i.e., spasmodic dysphonia and voice tremor (Ludlow, 2005; Simonyan et al, 2009; Simonyan and Horwitz, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluation of the Cortical Silent Period of the Laryngeal Motor Cortex in Healthy Individuals

et al. 2017

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Objective: This work aimed to evaluate the cortical silent period (cSP) of the laryngeal motor cortex (LMC) using the bilateral thyroarytenoid (TA) muscles with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).Methods: In 11 healthy participants, fine-wire electromyography (EMG) was used to record bilateral TA muscle responses to single pulse TMS delivered to the LMC in both hemispheres. Peripheral responses to stimulation over the mastoid, where the vagus nerve exits the skull, were collected to verify the central origin of the cortical stimulation responses by comparing the latencies.Results: The cSP duration ranged from 41.7 to 66.4 ms. The peripherally evoked motor-evoked potential (MEP) peak occurred 5–9 ms earlier than the cortical responses (for both sides of TAs: p < 0.0001) with no silent period. The right TA MEP latencies were earlier than the left TA responses for both peripheral and cortical measures (p ≤ 0.0001).Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the feasibility of measuring cSP of LMC based on intrinsic laryngeal muscles responses during vocalization in healthy volunteers.Significance: The technique could be used to study the pathophysiology of neurological disorders that affect TA muscles, such as spasmodic dysphonia. Further, the methodology has application to other muscles of the head and neck not accessible using surface electrodes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluation of the Cortical Silent Period of the Laryngeal Motor Cortex in Healthy Individuals

et al. 2017

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“…Although LD diagnosis has improved, it remains unacceptably delayed [ 98 , 99 ], which is evident in our presented case of a female with adLD. Developed methodologies for mapping the corticobulbar pathway [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 11 ] provide a tool for assessing neurophysiological measures such as MEP responses from laryngeal muscles and cSP in LD patients. The recent neurophysiological studies with TMS point to the impaired intracortical inhibition measured with a non-invasive cSP measure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The functional organization of LMC and its interactions with other cortical (such as Broca’s area) and subcortical brain regions warrants further investigation due to still as of yet unsuccessful treatments of neurological voice disorders such as laryngeal dystonia (LD). To date, methodologies for mapping LMC with TMS [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ] and intraoperatively by electrical stimulation (ES) techniques [ 5 , 6 , 7 ] have been previously developed to record corticobulbar motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from laryngeal muscles. Except for estimating the amplitude and latency of MEPs recorded from laryngeal muscles, the cortical silent period (cSP) was investigated from the thyroarytenoid muscle as a measure of LMC excitability in the TMS study [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Patho-Neurophysiological Basis and Treatment of Focal Laryngeal Dystonia: A Narrative Review and Two Case Reports Applying TMS over the Laryngeal Motor Cortex

Vidaković

Gunjača

Bukic

et al. 2022

JCM

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Focal laryngeal dystonia (LD) is a rare, idiopathic disease affecting the laryngeal musculature with an unknown cause and clinically presented as adductor LD or rarely as abductor LD. The most effective treatment options include the injection of botulinum toxin (BoNT) into the affected laryngeal muscle. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the patho-neuro-physiological and genetic background of LD, as well as the standard recommended therapy (BoNT) and pharmacological treatment options, and to discuss possible treatment perspectives using neuro-modulation techniques such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and vibrotactile stimulation. The review will present two LD cases, patients with adductor and abductor LD, standard diagnostic procedure, treatments and achievement, and the results of cortical excitability mapping the primary motor cortex for the representation of the laryngeal muscles in the assessment of corticospinal and corticobulbar excitability.

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“…When mapping the M1 for cricothyroid muscle representation and caudal opercular part of the inferior frontal gyrus, magnetic stimulation was applied during the subject's engagement in visual object naming task. The reason for introducing visual object naming task during the application of patterned rTMS protocol was to elicit CoMEPs and LLRs from cricothyroid muscle in the phase before speech onset (Deletis et al 2014; Rogić Vidaković et al 2015) (Figs. 12, 2).…”

Section: Speech Task Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the differences in the latencies indicate functional anatomy of the M1 for laryngeal muscles (CoMEP) and the premotor cortex in the caudal opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus (LLR) (Deletis et al 2014). Furthermore, the amplitudes of contralateral and ipsilateral CoMEP responses were analyzed and contralateral corticobulbar projections to cricothyroid muscle showed to be dominant in regard to weak ipsilateral projections (Rogić Vidaković et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurophysiologic markers of primary motor cortex for laryngeal muscles and premotor cortex in caudal opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus investigated in motor speech disorder: a navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) study

et al. 2016

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Transcranial magnetic stimulation studies have so far reported the results of mapping the primary motor cortex (M1) for hand and tongue muscles in stuttering disorder. This study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of repetitive navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for locating the M1 for laryngeal muscle and premotor cortical area in the caudal opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus, corresponding to Broca's area in stuttering subjects by applying new methodology for mapping these motor speech areas. Sixteen stuttering and eleven control subjects underwent rTMS motor speech mapping using modified patterned rTMS. The subjects performed visual object naming task during rTMS applied to the (a) left M1 for laryngeal muscles for recording corticobulbar motor-evoked potentials (CoMEP) from cricothyroid muscle and (b) left premotor cortical area in the caudal opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus while recording long latency responses (LLR) from cricothyroid muscle. The latency of CoMEP in control subjects was 11.75 ± 2.07 ms and CoMEP amplitude was 294.47 ± 208.87 µV, and in stuttering subjects CoMEP latency was 12.13 ± 0.75 ms and 504.64 ± 487.93 µV CoMEP amplitude. The latency of LLR in control subjects was 52.8 ± 8.6 ms and 54.95 ± 4.86 in stuttering subjects. No significant differences were found in CoMEP latency, CoMEP amplitude, and LLR latency between stuttering and control-fluent speakers. These results indicate there are probably no differences in stuttering compared to controls in functional anatomy of the pathway used for transmission of information from premotor cortex to the M1 cortices for laryngeal muscle representation and from there via corticobulbar tract to laryngeal muscles.

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Excitability of contralateral and ipsilateral projections of corticobulbar pathways recorded as corticobulbar motor evoked potentials of the cricothyroid muscles

Cited by 12 publications

References 19 publications

Evaluation of the Cortical Silent Period of the Laryngeal Motor Cortex in Healthy Individuals

Evaluation of the Cortical Silent Period of the Laryngeal Motor Cortex in Healthy Individuals

The Patho-Neurophysiological Basis and Treatment of Focal Laryngeal Dystonia: A Narrative Review and Two Case Reports Applying TMS over the Laryngeal Motor Cortex

Neurophysiologic markers of primary motor cortex for laryngeal muscles and premotor cortex in caudal opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus investigated in motor speech disorder: a navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) study

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