Exchange of function as a cause of geyser irregularity [Wyoming]

Marler, George D.

doi:10.2475/ajs.249.5.329

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…The regularity of El Jefe's IBE and the weak modulation of its IBE by external conditions suggest that the behavior of some geysers is dominated by internal processes (Bloss and Barth, 1949;Marler, 1951;Rojstaczer et al, 2003;Hurwitz et al, 2014). The geometry and thermodynamic state of the reservoir and/or deeper conduit must dominate the periodicity of El Jefe geyser.…”

Section: Modulation Of the Ibementioning

confidence: 96%

Dynamics within geyser conduits, and sensitivity to environmental perturbations: Insights from a periodic geyser in the El Tatio geyser field, Atacama Desert, Chile

Muñoz-Sáez

Manga

Hurwitz

et al. 2015

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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Despite more than 200 years of scientific study, the internal dynamics of geyser systems remain poorly characterized. As a consequence, there remain fundamental questions about what processes initiate and terminate eruptions, and where eruptions begin. Over a one-week period in October 2012, we collected down-hole measurements of pressure and temperature in the conduit of an exceptionally regular geyser (132 s/cycle) located in the Chilean desert. We identified four stages in the geyser cycle: (1) recharge of water into the conduit after an eruption, driven by the pressure difference between water in the conduit and in a deeper reservoir; (2) a pre-eruptive stage that follows the recharge and is dominated by addition of steam from below; (3) the eruption, which occurs by rapid boiling of a large mass of water at the top of the water column, and decompression that propagates boiling conditions downward; and (4) a relaxation stage during which pressure and temperature decrease until conditions preceding the recharge stage are restored. Eruptions are triggered by the episodic addition of steam coming from depth, suggesting that the dynamics of the eruptions are dominated by geometrical and thermodynamic complexities in the conduit and reservoir. Further evidence favoring the dominance of internal processes in controlling periodicity is also provided by the absence of responses of the geyser to environmental perturbations (air pressure, temperature and probably also Earth tides).

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Section: Modulation Of the Ibementioning

confidence: 96%

Dynamics within geyser conduits, and sensitivity to environmental perturbations: Insights from a periodic geyser in the El Tatio geyser field, Atacama Desert, Chile

Muñoz-Sáez

Manga

Hurwitz

et al. 2015

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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“…(b) In a tracer experiment in Old Faithful geyser in Yellowstone, carried out in 1963, more than 24 consecutive eruptions were required to clear the erupted water of the introduced rhodamine B (Fournier 1969). (c) The eruption of many geysers in Yellowstone's Upper Geyser Basin and in El Tatio, Chile, are influenced by adjacent geysers, suggesting a subsurface hydraulic connection (Marler 1951, Rojstaczer et al 2003, MunozSaez et al 2015b). (d) The volumes of shallow (<10 m) exposed geyser cavities at Whakarewarewa range from ∼20 to ∼100 m 3 (Weir et al 1992), significantly larger than erupted volumes.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 97%

The Fascinating and Complex Dynamics of Geyser Eruptions

Hurwitz

Manga

2017

Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci.

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Geysers episodically erupt liquid and vapor. Despite two centuries of scientific study, basic questions persist-why do geysers exist? What determines eruption intervals, durations, and heights? What initiates eruptions? Through monitoring eruption intervals, analyzing geophysical data, taking measurements within geyser conduits, performing numerical simulations, and constructing laboratory models, some of these questions have been addressed. Geysers are uncommon because they require a combination of abundant water recharge, magmatism, and rhyolite flows to supply heat and silica, and large fractures and cavities overlain by low-permeability materials to trap rising multiphase and multicomponent fluids. Eruptions are driven by the conversion of thermal to kinetic energy during decompression. Larger and deeper cavities permit larger eruptions and promote regularity by isolating water from weather variations. The ejection velocity may be limited by the speed of sound of the liquid + vapor mixture.

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“…The water in all the pools is boiling (about 92°C). Interconnections between most of these springs and geysers had previously been inferred by Marler (1951), who noted reciprocal behavior, as for example, simultaneous rise and fall of water levels and sympathetic geyser eruptions among members of the group.…”

Section: Of the Daisy Geyser Group Yellowstone National Parkmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…' ' springs in Yellowstone National Park, Wyo., was investigated as a part of the study of the geochemistry of thermal waters in the park. lT nderground connections have been inferred in the past from observations of the reciprocal behavior of geysers, pools, and hot springs (Marler, 1951). Chemical tracers provide a means for proving the existence of underground connections and for determining the approximate volume of water involved in a particular system.…”

Section: Of the Daisy Geyser Group Yellowstone National Parkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geological Survey research 1965, Chapter B

1965

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Exchange of function as a cause of geyser irregularity [Wyoming]

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Dynamics within geyser conduits, and sensitivity to environmental perturbations: Insights from a periodic geyser in the El Tatio geyser field, Atacama Desert, Chile

Dynamics within geyser conduits, and sensitivity to environmental perturbations: Insights from a periodic geyser in the El Tatio geyser field, Atacama Desert, Chile

The Fascinating and Complex Dynamics of Geyser Eruptions

Geological Survey research 1965, Chapter B

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