Excessive phosphorus enhances Chlorella regularis lipid production under nitrogen starvation stress during glucose heterotrophic cultivation

Fu, Liang; Cui, Xiaochun; Li, Yun-Bao; Xu, Liang; Zhang, Chaofan; Xiong, Ruohan; Zhou, Dandan; Crittenden, John C.

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2017.07.182

Cited by 69 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Based on this, sufficient phosphorus can improve biomass productivity in the nitrogen starvation stage, which has been shown in Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus obliquus (Fu et al, 2017;Shen et al, 2020). Therefore, regulating lipid production through a combination of sufficient phosphorus and nitrogen starvation seems to be an economical and environmentally friendly approach.…”

Section: Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Stresses as First-Line Tools for Enhancing Lipid and Carotenoid Production in Microalgae

Shi

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Microalgae can produce high-value-added products such as lipids and carotenoids using light or sugars, and their biosynthesis mechanism can be triggered by various stress conditions. Under nutrient deprivation or environmental stresses, microalgal cells accumulate lipids as an energy-rich carbon storage battery and generate additional amounts of carotenoids to alleviate the oxidative damage induced by stress conditions. Though stressful conditions are unfavorable for biomass accumulation and can induce oxidative damage, stress-based strategies are widely used in this field due to their effectiveness and economy. For the overproduction of different target products, it is required and meaningful to deeply understand the effects and mechanisms of various stress conditions so as to provide guidance on choosing the appropriate stress conditions. Moreover, the underlying molecular mechanisms under stress conditions can be clarified by omics technologies, which exhibit enormous potential in guiding rational genetic engineering for improving lipid and carotenoid biosynthesis.

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Section: Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Stresses as First-Line Tools for Enhancing Lipid and Carotenoid Production in Microalgae

Shi

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…Microalgae are a promising feedstock for biodiesel [1, 2]. In their studies on microalgae bioenergy technologies in the past 40 years, researchers have endeavored to explore strategies for enhancing biomass production and lipid accumulation [3, 4], which taken together, determines microalgal lipid production. Nitrogen limitation is the most popular approach to increase the microalgal lipid content, because it is able to up-regulate the key enzymes on the lipid biosynthesis pathways: malic enzymes become more activated for catalyzing pyruvate synthesis and NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) formation and both acetyl-CoA and ATP (adenosine triphosphate)-citrate lyase are stimulated for catalyzing acetyl-CoA production [5, 6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrogen limitation is the most popular approach to increase the microalgal lipid content, because it is able to up-regulate the key enzymes on the lipid biosynthesis pathways: malic enzymes become more activated for catalyzing pyruvate synthesis and NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) formation and both acetyl-CoA and ATP (adenosine triphosphate)-citrate lyase are stimulated for catalyzing acetyl-CoA production [5, 6]. The lipid content could be enhanced by 10–50% when nitrogen was limited [4, 7], and even up to two- to three-fold during nitrogen starvation [8, 9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phosphorus (P) supplementation offered an effective strategy to resolve these problems and has thus been employed to enhance microalgae biomass production under nitrogen limitation [14, 15]. Combining nitrogen limitation with P supplementation could contribute 10–100% increase on the microalgae biomass production, accompanied by 15–50% improvement of lipid accumulation, and finally achieved 50–160% enhancement of lipid productivity [4, 15, 16]. In a P-repletion condition, P was stored as intracellular polyphosphate (poly-P) by microalgae both in autotrophic and heterotrophic growth [17, 18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hormesis effects of phosphorus on the viability of Chlorella regularis cells under nitrogen limitation

Yan

et al. 2019

Biotechnol Biofuels

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Background Phosphorus (P) is an essential element of microalgae, which is either required for anabolism or for energy metabolism. When employing a nitrogen limitation strategy to trigger microalgal intracellular lipid accumulation, P supplementation was always simultaneously applied to compensate for the accompanied growth inhibition. Results This study identified that P exerts hormesis effects on microalgae. Slight excess of P (≤ 45 mg L −1 ) under nitrogen limitation condition stimulated the cell growth of Chlorella regularis and achieved a 10.2% biomass production increase. This also improved mitochondrial activity by 25.0% compared to control (P = 5.4 mg L −1 ). The lipid productivity reached 354.38 mg (L d) −1 , which increased by 39.3% compared to control. Such an improvement was caused by the intracellularly stored polyphosphate energy pool. However, large excess of P (250 mg L −1 ) inhibited the cell growth by 38.8% and mitochondrial activity decreased by 71.3%. C. regularis cells showed obvious poisoning status, such as enlarged size, plasmolysis, deformation of cell walls, and disorganization of organelles. This is probably because the over-accumulated P protonated the amide-N and disrupted membrane permeability. Conclusions These results provide new insight into the roles of P in microalgae lipid production: P does not always play a positive role under nitrogen limitation conditions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13068-019-1458-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Microalgae of the genus Chlorella have the greatest potential for large-scale heterotrophic production (Isleten-Hosoglu, Gultpe, & Elibol, 2012;Fu et al, 2017). This genus has the ability to adapt to the cultivation conditions, being able to grow autotrophically, heterotrophically and mixotrophically (Xu, Miao, & Wu, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<b>Screening of an adapted culture medium composed by different carbon sources for heterotrophic cultivation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> using a microplate assay

Silva

Fonseca

2018

Acta Sci. Biol. Sci.

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The ability of microalgae to grow heterotrophically lies in the ability to oxidize organic compounds present in the external environment. The aim of this work was to evaluate the growth of Chlorella vulgaris under heterotrophic culture conditions using Basal Bold and NPK media supplemented with different sole carbon sources (glucose, fructose, sucrose, glycerol or acetate). The kinetic parameters obtained were maximum specific growth rate (μ max), doubling time (DT), maximal absorbance, which was also converted to cell concentration values using a linear relation, and cell productivity (P X). Among all the treatments analyzed, the highest maximum specific growth rate found was 0.030 hour-1 (0.72 day-1) in the treatment using Basal Bold medium supplemented with glucose. The highest cellular concentration and cell productivity were also found for this same treatment (4.03 x 10 6 cell mL-1 and 64.0 x 10 6 cell L-1 day-1 , respectively). It was concluded that that the Basal Bold medium was more efficient for Chlorella vulgaris growth, since it induced higher values of μ max and cellular concentration. Results obtained were very reproducible using microplate assay.

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Excessive phosphorus enhances Chlorella regularis lipid production under nitrogen starvation stress during glucose heterotrophic cultivation

Cited by 69 publications

References 44 publications

Stresses as First-Line Tools for Enhancing Lipid and Carotenoid Production in Microalgae

Stresses as First-Line Tools for Enhancing Lipid and Carotenoid Production in Microalgae

Hormesis effects of phosphorus on the viability of Chlorella regularis cells under nitrogen limitation

<b>Screening of an adapted culture medium composed by different carbon sources for heterotrophic cultivation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> using a microplate assay

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