Excessive gestational weight gain over multiple pregnancies and the prevalence of obesity at age 40

Cohen, Alison K.; Chaffee, Benjamin W.; Rehkopf, David H.; Coyle, Jeremy; Abrams, Barbara

doi:10.1038/ijo.2013.156

Cited by 34 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…4 It is recommended that to prevent adverse maternal as well as infant outcomes, women who are normal weight at the time of conception limit total weight gain in pregnancy to 11.5-16 kg (25-35 lbs), overweight women to 7-11.5 kg (15-25 lbs) and obese women (all classes) to 5-9 kg (11-20 lbs). 3 There is a collection of strong evidence that increased incidences of gestational diabetes mellitus, 5 labor and delivery complications 5 and postpartum weight retention 6,7 are associated with a BMI outside the normal weight range (18.5-24.9 kg/m 2 ) 8 and weight gain above the IOM guidelines, 9 which gives rise to the more stringent weight gain guidelines for women who are overweight or obese at conception. Furthermore, preconception BMI and GWG also affects infant outcomes; infants of overweight/obese mothers are more likely to be preterm, 10 large for gestational age 11 and have an increased risk of developing childhood obesity.…”

Section: Gestational Weight Gainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…39 The postpartum period of the first pregnancy becomes the preconception period of next pregnancy in which the mother begins at a higher BMI and thereby places herself at higher risk for excessive GWG, and increased postpartum BMI. This viscous cycle of repeated weight gain leads to increased prevalence of overweight and obesity in reproductive age and postmenopausal women, 8,40-42 and suggests that the endocrine, metabolic and/or behavioral changes which occur during the pregnancy are likely still playing a role in the weight status of mothers postpartum.…”

Section: Determinants Of Gwgmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pregnancy as a window to future health: Excessive gestational weight gain and obesity

Gilmore

Klempel-Donchenko

Redman

2015

Seminars in Perinatology

154

140

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Metabolic and behavioral changes that occur during pregnancy have well-known effects on maternal and fetal health during the immediate pregnancy and now are thought to be a catalyst for future health throughout later life. Recommendations for appropriate gestational weight gain (GWG) and lifestyle modifications during pregnancy have changed throughout history as more is known about this crucial time. Herein we discuss the current GWG recommendations and the impact of pregnancy and excess GWG gain on the current and future health of women and children including risk of obesity, gestational diabetes, type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic syndrome.

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Section: Gestational Weight Gainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Determinants Of Gwgmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy as a window to future health: Excessive gestational weight gain and obesity

Gilmore

Klempel-Donchenko

Redman

2015

Seminars in Perinatology

154

140

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Inadequate GWG is associated with decreased birth weight and small for gestational age; excessive GWG is associated with increases in postpartum and long-term weight retention (Cohen, Chaffee, Rehkopf, Coyle, & Abrams, 2014; McClure, Catov, Ness, & Bodnar, 2013), birth weight (Ferraro et al, 2012), cesarean section, preeclampsia (Haugen et al, 2014), gestational diabetes (Gibson, Waters, & Catalano, 2012) and large for gestational age (Kim, Sharma, Sappenfield, Wilson, & Salihu, 2014). Additionally, such negative pregnancy and birth outcomes increase the risk of developing obesity, diabetes, and other chronic diseases in the offspring (Catalano & deMouzon, 2015; Lau, Liu, Archer, McDonald, & Liu, 2014; O'Reilly & Reynolds, 2013; Reynolds et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Educational Attainment and Gestational Weight Gain among U.S. Mothers

Cohen

Kazi

Headen

et al. 2016

Women's Health Issues

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Background Education is an important social determinant of many health outcomes, but the relationship between educational attainment and the amount of weight gained over the course of a woman's pregnancy (gestational weight gain (GWG)) has not been clearly established. Methods We used data from 1979-2010 for women in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 cohort (n= 6344 pregnancies from 2769 women). We used generalized estimating equations to estimate the association between educational attainment and GWG adequacy (as defined by 2009 Institute of Medicine guidelines), controlling for diverse social factors from across the life course (e.g., income, wealth, educational aspirations and expectations) and considering effect measure modification by race/ethnicity and pre-pregnancy overweight status. Results In most cases, women with more education had increased odds of gaining a recommended amount of gestational weight, independent of educational aspirations and educational expectations and relatively robust to sensitivity analyses. This trend manifested itself in a few different ways. Those with less education had higher odds of inadequate GWG than those with more education. Among those who were not overweight pre-pregnancy, those with less education had higher odds of excessive GWG than college graduates. Among women who were white, those with less than a high school degree had higher odds of excessive GWG than those with more education. Conclusion The relationship between educational attainment and GWG is nuanced and nonlinear.

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“…In mothers, excessive GWG is associated with antenatal and intra-partum complications (4) and obesity postpartum (4,13,14) and later in life (17,18). Many of these outcomes are also more common in Black and Hispanic populations (3,19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Inadequate Gestational Weight Gain Differ by Pre-pregnancy Weight

Headen

Mujahid

Cohen

et al. 2015

Matern Child Health J

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Objectives Pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) varies by race/ethnicity and modifies the association between gestational weight gain (GWG) and adverse pregnancy outcomes, which disproportionately affect racial/ethnic minorities. Yet studies investigating whether racial/ethnic disparities in GWG vary by pre-pregnancy BMI are inconsistent, and none studied nationally representative populations. Methods Using categorical measures of GWG adequacy based on Institute of Medicine recommendations, we investigated whether associations between race/ethnicity and GWG adequacy were modified by pre-pregnancy BMI [underweight (<18.5kg/m2), normal weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25.0-29.9 kg/m2), or obese (≥30.0 kg/m2) ] among all births to Black, Hispanic, and White mothers in the 1979 USA National Longitudinal Survey of Youth cohort (n=6849 pregnancies; range=1-10). We used generalized estimating equations, adjusted for marital status, parity, smoking during pregnancy, gestational age, and multiple measures of socioeconomic position. Results Effect measure modification between race/ethnicity and pre-pregnancy BMI was significant for inadequate GWG (Wald test p-value=0.08). Normal weight Black (Risk Ratio (RR)=1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18, 1.52) and Hispanic women (RR=1.33, 95%CI: 1.15, 1.54) and underweight Black women (RR=1.38; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.79) experienced an increased risk of inadequate GWG compared to Whites. Differences in risk of inadequate GWG between minority women, compared to White women, were not significant among overweight and obese women. Effect measure modification between race/ethnicity and pre-pregnancy BMI was not significant for excessive GWG. Conclusions The magnitude of racial/ethnic disparities in inadequate GWG appears to vary by pre-pregnancy weight class, which should be considered when designing interventions to close racial/ethnic gaps in healthy GWG.

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Excessive gestational weight gain over multiple pregnancies and the prevalence of obesity at age 40

Cited by 34 publications

References 23 publications

Pregnancy as a window to future health: Excessive gestational weight gain and obesity

Pregnancy as a window to future health: Excessive gestational weight gain and obesity

Educational Attainment and Gestational Weight Gain among U.S. Mothers

Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Inadequate Gestational Weight Gain Differ by Pre-pregnancy Weight

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