Excessive Erythrocytosis Is Not Associated With Altered Iron Homeostasis in Men From the World’s Highest City

Cairo, Gaetano; Champigneulle, Benoît; Correnti, Margherita; Gammella, Elena; Recalcati, Stefania; Girelli, Domenico; Castagna, Annalisa; Lundby, Anne-Kristine; Hancco, Iván; Chirica, Carole; Oberholzer, Laura; Stauffer, Émeric; Lundby, Carsten; Pichon, Aurélien; Brugniaux, Julien V.; Doutreleau, Stéphane; Vergès, Samuel; Robach, Paul

doi:10.1097/hs9.0000000000000849

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…Die Bewohner von La Rinconada haben eine sehr hohe Hämoglobinkonzentration (20,3 ± 2,4 g/dL; n = 57) und diejenigen mit chronischer Höhenkrankheit weisen sogar noch höhere Konzentrationen auf (23,1 ± 1,7 g/dL; n = 150). Diese Werte gehen mit einer großen Gesamthämoglobinmasse und einem großen Blutvolumen einher, ohne dass damit ein Eisenmangel verbunden ist 1 . Diese Veränderungen des intravaskulären Volumens führen zu einem erheblichen Anstieg der Blutviskosität, der bei Patienten mit chronischer Höhenkrankheit nochmals erhöht ist.…”

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Expedition 5300 – Eine Serie höhenmedizinischer Studien

Kaestner

2024

Flugmedizin · Tropenmedizin · Reisemedizin - FTR

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La Rinconada ist mit einer Höhe von 5000–5300 m über dem Meeresspiegel die höchstgelegene dauerhaft bewohnte Stadt unserer Erde (Abb. 1, 2). Die Goldgräberstadt liegt im Süden Perus, gerade mal 2,5 Autostunden vom Titicacasee entfernt. Seit 2018 führt das französische Institut für Gesundheit und medizinische Forschung an der Universität Grenoble-Alpes gemeinsam mit internationalen Partnern höhenmedizinische Studien in La Rinconada durch. Die Wissenschaftler haben nun die 5-jährige Forschungsarbeit in einem Review zusammengefasst.

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Expedition 5300 – Eine Serie höhenmedizinischer Studien

Kaestner

2024

Flugmedizin · Tropenmedizin · Reisemedizin - FTR

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Expedition 5300: limits of human adaptations in the highest city in the world

Champigneulle,

Brugniaux,

Stauffer

et al. 2023

The Journal of Physiology

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Exposure to chronic hypobaric hypoxia imposes a significant physiological burden to more than 80 million humans living above 2500 m throughout the world. Among them, 50 000 live in the world's highest city, La Rinconada, located at 5000–5300 m in southern Peru. Expedition 5300 is the first scientific and medical programme led in La Rinconada to investigate the physiological adaptations and altitude‐related health issues in this unique population. Dwellers from La Rinconada have very high haemoglobin concentration (20.3 ± 2.4 g/dL; n = 57) and those with chronic mountain sickness (CMS) exhibit even higher concentrations (23.1 ± 1.7 g/dL; n = 150). These values are associated with large total haemoglobin mass and blood volume, without an associated iron deficit. These changes in intravascular volumes lead to a substantial increase in blood viscosity, which is even larger in CMS patients. Despite these large haematological changes, 24 h blood pressure monitoring is essentially normal in La Rinconada, but some results suggest impaired vascular reactivity. Echocardiography revealed large right heart dilatation and high pulmonary arterial pressure as well as left ventricle concentric remodelling and grade I diastolic dysfunction. These changes in heart dimension and function tend to be more severe in highlanders with CMS. Polygraphy evaluations revealed a large reduction in nocturnal pulse oxygen saturation (median SpO2 = 79%), which is even more severe in CMS patients who also tended to show a higher oxygen desaturation index. The population of La Rinconada offers a unique opportunity to investigate the human responses to chronic severe hypoxia, at an altitude that is probably close to the maximum altitude human beings can permanently tolerate without presenting major health issues. image

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High altitude polycythemia and its maladaptive mechanisms: an updated review

Tang,

Zhou,

Chen

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

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High altitude polycythemia is a maladaptation of highlanders exposed to hypoxic environment, leading to high blood viscosity and severe cardiorespiratory dysfunction. Prolonged hypoxia causes respiratory depression and severe hypoxemia, and further mediates changes in genetic and molecular mechanisms that regulate erythropoiesis and apoptosis, ultimately resulting in excessive erythrocytosis (EE). This updated review investigated the maladaptive mechanisms of EE, including respiratory chemoreceptor passivation, sleep-related breathing disorders, sex hormones, iron metabolism, and hypoxia-related factors and pathways.

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Excessive Erythrocytosis Is Not Associated With Altered Iron Homeostasis in Men From the World’s Highest City

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Expedition 5300 – Eine Serie höhenmedizinischer Studien

Expedition 5300 – Eine Serie höhenmedizinischer Studien

Expedition 5300: limits of human adaptations in the highest city in the world

High altitude polycythemia and its maladaptive mechanisms: an updated review

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