Excessive Body Fat at a Young Age Increases the Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Lei, Xuelian; Song, Shuailing; Li, Xiao; Geng, Chong; Wang, Chunhui

doi:10.1080/01635581.2020.1804951

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…With respect to early-onset CRC, modifiable risk factors such as obesity, Western diet (a high intake of red meat and low intake of fruit and vegetables), stress, antibiotics, and physical inactivity, together with sedentary behaviour, can all contribute to the increased CRC incidence in young adults [ 119 , 120 , 121 , 122 ]. Moreover, gut microbiome dysbiosis also has a strong effect on disease development, and alterations in the intestinal microbiota and decreased production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) appear to be relevant risk factors ( Figure 4 ).…”

Section: Association Of Age With Disease Progression In Colorectalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Updates on the Significance of KRAS Mutations in Colorectal Cancer Biology

László

Kurilla

Takács

et al. 2021

Cells

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The most commonly mutated isoform of RAS among all cancer subtypes is KRAS. In this review, we focus on the special role of KRAS mutations in colorectal cancer (CRC), aiming to collect recent data on KRAS-driven enhanced cell signalling, in vitro and in vivo research models, and CRC development-related processes such as metastasis and cancer stem cell formation. We attempt to cover the diverse nature of the effects of KRAS mutations on age-related CRC development. As the incidence of CRC is rising in young adults, we have reviewed the driving forces of ageing-dependent CRC.

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Section: Association Of Age With Disease Progression In Colorectalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Updates on the Significance of KRAS Mutations in Colorectal Cancer Biology

László

Kurilla

Takács

et al. 2021

Cells

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“…In a meta-analysis of 20 studies, a family history of CRC in first-degree relatives was a significant risk factor for eoCRC (RR, 4.21; 95% CI, 2.61-6.79). 74 There was substantial heterogeneity in risk estimates (I 2 >60%), but there was limited evidence of publication bias on family history. CI, confidence interval; CRC, colorectal cancer; eoCRC, early-onset colorectal cancer; HR, hazard ratio; loCRC, late-onset colorectal cancer (>50 y); LE, level of evidence; OR, odds ratio; RR, relative risk.…”

Section: Le: 1amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[66][67][68][69][70] Some studies have proposed other risk factors for eoCRC, including male sex, hyperlipidemia, obesity (especially during adolescence), metabolic syndrome, alcohol consumption, type II diabetes, and high intake of simple sugars. 36,[71][72][73][74][75] There is controversial evidence on cigarette smoking, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, dietary patterns, sedentary behavior, and in utero, pediatric, and occupational exposures. 36,[72][73][74][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87] Although many of these proposed risk factors have been combined to produce CRC risk scores, 88,89 no CRC risk score has received formal validation for clinical use.…”

Section: Genetics Of Early-onset Colorectal Cancer (G)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…36,[71][72][73][74][75] There is controversial evidence on cigarette smoking, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, dietary patterns, sedentary behavior, and in utero, pediatric, and occupational exposures. 36,[72][73][74][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87] Although many of these proposed risk factors have been combined to produce CRC risk scores, 88,89 no CRC risk score has received formal validation for clinical use.…”

Section: Genetics Of Early-onset Colorectal Cancer (G)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The systematic review found 6 studies evaluating the risk of eoCRC among different ethnicities, with 2 studies having LE 1b. They all concluded that black individuals have a higher risk of eoCRC, but the incidence and prevalence of eoCRC have remained the A full summary of relevant evidence for R.1 21,30,31,39,42,47,51,53,54,56,59,74,76,78,[90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102] and R. 29,30,31,36,[65][66][67][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85]…”

Section: Genetics Of Early-onset Colorectal Cancer (G)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Delphi Initiative for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer (DIRECt) International Management Guidelines

Giulia

Mannucci

Balaguer

et al. 2023

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology

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Association of Overweight, Obesity, and Recent Weight Loss With Colorectal Cancer Risk

et al. 2023

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ImportanceOverweight and obesity, conditions with rising prevalence in many countries, are associated with increased colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. However, many patients with CRC lose weight before diagnosis, which may lead the association to be underestimated.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of body mass index (BMI) and weight change with CRC risk when considering BMI at different time frames, with the intention to account for prediagnostic weight loss.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based case-control study was conducted in southwestern Germany between 2003 and 2021. Cases with a first diagnosis of CRC and controls (frequency matched by age, sex, and county) with comprehensive risk factor information and self-reported weight at different time points were included. Data were analyzed between October 2022 and March 2023.ExposureBMI and weight change at different time frames before the time of diagnosis (cases) or recruitment (controls).Main Outcomes and MeasuresAssociation of BMI and weight change at various points in time before and up to diagnosis with CRC, assessed by multivariable logistic regression with comprehensive confounder adjustment.ResultsA total of 11 887 participants (6434 CRC cases, 5453 controls; median [IQR] age, 69 [61-77] years; 7173 male [60.3%]) were included. At the time of diagnosis, 3998 cases (62.1%) and 3601 controls (66.0%) were overweight or obese, suggesting an inverse association between excess weight and CRC risk. Conversely, we found significant positive associations of overweight (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.27; 95% CI, 1.03-1.56), obesity (aOR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.61-2.70), and a 5-unit increase in BMI (aOR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.21-1.50) with CRC risk when using BMI measured 8 to 10 years before diagnosis. High BMI as a risk factor for CRC was increased as earlier periods before diagnosis were examined, with the association being particularly pronounced using BMI at least 8 years before diagnosis. An opposite trend was found for the association of weight loss (at or exceeding 2 kg) with CRC, with the greatest effect sizes occurring for weight loss within 2 years before diagnosis (aOR, 7.52; 95% CI, 5.61-10.09), and gradually decreased for earlier intervals.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this population-based case-control study, accounting for substantial prediagnostic weight loss further highlighted the association of overweight and obesity with CRC risk.

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Excessive Body Fat at a Young Age Increases the Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 10 publications

References 50 publications

Recent Updates on the Significance of KRAS Mutations in Colorectal Cancer Biology

Recent Updates on the Significance of KRAS Mutations in Colorectal Cancer Biology

Delphi Initiative for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer (DIRECt) International Management Guidelines

Association of Overweight, Obesity, and Recent Weight Loss With Colorectal Cancer Risk

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