Excess and deficient omega-3 fatty acid during pregnancy and lactation cause impaired neural transmission in rat pups

Church, Michael W.; Jen, K.‐L. Catherine; Dowhan, Lindsay; Adams, Brittany R.; Hotra, John W.

doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2007.12.008

Cited by 57 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…1). The present findings indicate that palatability of the FD for rats fed the LD during the dietary treatment period was higher than that of the FD at the beginning of the self-selection period, and this contributes to greater consumption of the FD compared to the LD because there are many reports that dietary fats are absorbed very effectively from the digestive tract and an increase in plasma n-3 FA content, particularly EPA and DHA, are observed after consumption of fish oil enriched diet (4,30,(33)(34)(35)(36). These results lead us to conclude that, at the beginning of the self-selection period, rats fed the LD consumed a larger amount of the FD than rats fed the FD diet to counteract the effect of an n-3 FA shortage during the experimental period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of Plant- and Fish-Oil Derived n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Counteraction of n-3 Fatty Acid Shortage in Adult Rats Fed a Lard Diet

Nakashima

Sato

Saito

2009

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Summary These studies aimed to compare the effects of ␣ -linolenic acid (ALA) ϩ eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ϩ docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on plasma-lipid concentrations and preferential fat intake of rats fed a lard diet (LD). Each of 2 groups of 4-wk-old male rats was used in studies 1 and 2. In studies 1 and 2, two groups of rats received the LD (LD group) and the fish-oil diet (FD; FD group), and the LD and the perilla-oil diet (PD; PD group), respectively (dietary treatment period). After 6 wk, 6 rats per group were sacrificed. The remaining rats in studies 1 and 2 were placed on a self-selection regimen of the LD and the FD, and the LD and the PD, respectively, for 3 wk (self-selection period). After the dietary treatment period, plasma lipid concentrations in the FD group were lower than those in the LD group. However, no significant difference in the concentrations was observed between the LD group and the PD group. At the beginning of the self-selection period, the ratio of the FD intake of the LD group was higher than that of the FD group. As the the ratio of the LD group decreased and that of the FD group increased no significant difference in the ratio was observed after the 9th day during the self-selection period. No significant difference in the ratio of the PD intake was observed between the LD group and the PD group during the selfselection period. Thus, although the FD decreased plasma lipid concentration and increased the preferential FD intake of the LD group at the beginning of the self-selection period, the PD did not. Our studies clearly show that dietary EPA ϩ DHA and ALA have different physiologic effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of Plant- and Fish-Oil Derived n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Counteraction of n-3 Fatty Acid Shortage in Adult Rats Fed a Lard Diet

Nakashima

Sato

Saito

2009

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…Although uncommented by the authors, Jacobson et al [10] showed a U-shaped relation between cord plasma phospholipid DHA and the Bayley Scales Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) at 11 months in breastfed Inuit infants with high DHA intakes living in the Arctic region. In addition, Church et al [41] showed that excess as well as deficient n-3 fatty acid intakes during pregnancy and lactation cause impaired neural transmission in rats [41]. In human infants, negative associations between higher DHA intakes and verbal skills have been reported [42,43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mildly abnormal general movement quality in infants is associated with higher Mead acid and lower arachidonic acid and shows a U-shaped relation with the DHA/AA ratio

Goor

Schaafsma

Erwich

et al. 2010

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids

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Mildly abnormal general movement quality in infants is associated with higher Mead acid and lower arachidonic acid and shows a U-shaped relation with the DHA/AA ratio van Goor, S. A.; Schaafsma, A.; Erwich, Jan Jaap H. M.; Brouwer, Dineke; Muskiet, Frits Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. a b s t r a c tWe showed that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation during pregnancy and lactation was associated with more mildly abnormal (MA) general movements (GMs) in the infants. Since this finding was unexpected and inter-individual DHA intakes are highly variable, we explored the relationship between GM quality and erythrocyte DHA, arachidonic acid (AA), DHA/AA and Mead acid in 57 infants of this trial. MA GMs were inversely related to AA, associated with Mead acid, and associated with DHA/ AA in a U-shaped manner. These relationships may indicate dependence of newborn AA status on synthesis from linoleic acid. This becomes restricted during the intrauterine period by abundant de novo synthesis of oleic and Mead acids from glucose, consistent with reduced insulin sensitivity during the third trimester. The descending part of the U-shaped relation between MA GMs and DHA/AA probably indicates DHA shortage next to AA shortage. The ascending part may reflect a different developmental trajectory that is not necessarily unfavorable.

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“…Preclinical studies further suggest that n-3 PUFAs promote oligodendrocyte maturation and myelin expression [30,31], and are protective against axonal WM injury induced by trauma [32] and inflammation [33,34]. However, other studies suggest that maternal n-3 PUFA supplementation or deficiency impair neonatal axonal conduction, which is consistent with dysmyelination [35][36][37]. While these findings suggest that there are optimal n-3 PUFA levels required for normal axonal WM maturation and resilience, the effect that altering n-3 PUFA levels has on brain WMI has not been systematically evaluated in vivo using DTI.…”

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confidence: 99%

Deficits in Docosahexaenoic Acid Accrual during Adolescence Reduce Rat Forebrain White Matter Microstructural Integrity: An in vivo Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

et al. 2017

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Neuropsychiatric disorders that frequently initially emerge during adolescence are associated with deficits in the omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), elevated proinflammatory signaling, and regional reductions in white matter integrity (WMI). This study determined the effects of altering brain DHA accrual during adolescence on WMI in the rat brain by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and investigated the potential mediating role of proinflammatory signaling. During periadolescent development, male rats were fed a diet deficient in n-3 fatty acids (DEF, n = 20), a fish oil-fortified diet containing preformed DHA (FO, n = 20), or a control diet (CON, n = 20). In adulthood, DTI scans were performed and brain WMI was determined using voxelwise tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). Postmortem fatty acid composition, peripheral (plasma IL-1β, IL-6, and C-reactive protein [CRP]) and central (IL-1β and CD11b mRNA) proinflammatory markers, and myelin basic protein (MBP) mRNA expression were determined. Compared with CON rats, forebrain DHA levels were lower in DEF rats and higher in FO rats. Compared with CON rats, DEF rats exhibited greater radial diffusivity (RD) and mean diffusivity in the right external capsule, and greater axial diffusivity in the corpus callosum genu and left external capsule. DEF rats also exhibited greater RD than FO rats in the right external capsule. Forebrain MBP expression did not differ between groups. Compared with CON rats, central (IL-1β and CD11b) and peripheral (IL-1β and IL-6) proinflammatory markers were not different in DEF rats, and DEF rats exhibited lower CRP levels. These findings demonstrate that deficits in adolescent DHA accrual negatively impact forebrain WMI, independently of elevated proinflammatory signaling.

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Excess and deficient omega-3 fatty acid during pregnancy and lactation cause impaired neural transmission in rat pups

Cited by 57 publications

References 60 publications

Effect of Plant- and Fish-Oil Derived n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Counteraction of n-3 Fatty Acid Shortage in Adult Rats Fed a Lard Diet

Effect of Plant- and Fish-Oil Derived n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Counteraction of n-3 Fatty Acid Shortage in Adult Rats Fed a Lard Diet

Mildly abnormal general movement quality in infants is associated with higher Mead acid and lower arachidonic acid and shows a U-shaped relation with the DHA/AA ratio

Deficits in Docosahexaenoic Acid Accrual during Adolescence Reduce Rat Forebrain White Matter Microstructural Integrity: An in vivo Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

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