Exceso de peso infantil en España 2006-2012. Determinantes y error de percepción parental

Prevalence and secular trend of childhood overweight and obesity in a Mediterranean area of Southeast Spain

“…When studying the prevalence of overweight and obesity by sex, we observed a higher number of boys with overnutrition than girls according to WHO criteria, which is also observed in other studies (Wijnhoven et al 2014; Agencia Española de Consumo, Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición 2016; NCD-RisC 2017), Ng et al (2014), Miqueleiz et al 2016) . This could be due, among other reasons, to a higher percentage of muscle mass in boys or a different perception of weight, which usually concerns girls more (Salcedo et al 2010;Ramiro-González et al 2017). However, other works showed higher percentages in the group of girls (Pérez-Farinós et al 2013;Garrido-Miguel et al 2019).…”

“…However, according to the NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC), the obesity prevalence from 5-19 years all around the world has increased from 1992 to 2011 (9,8% vs 21,4%) and this upward trend continued until 2016 (NCD-RisC 2017). Despite some international and national works support this increase (Ruíz Pérez et al 2008;Salcedo et al 2010;Ng et al 2014), other authors noted a stabilization (Ogden et al 2016;Ramiro-González et al 2017;Hardy et al 2017;De Ruiter et al 2017;Aranceta-Bartrina and Pérez-Rodrigo 2018) and even in some cases a decrease (Schmidt Morgen et al 2013;Skinner and Skelton 2014;Koebnick et al 2015;Lazzeri et al 2015; Agencia Española de Consumo, Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición 2016; Miqueleiz et al 2016;Bygdell et al 2017;Sánchez-Cruz et al 2018;Herter-Aeberli et al 2019). In Australia (Hardy et al 2017), USA (Skinner and Skelton 2014;Ogden et al 2016) and some European countries (Schmidt Morgen et al 2013;Lazzeri et al 2015;Herter-Aeberli et al 2019) such a stabilization and downward trend have been reported.…”

Impact of an excise tax on the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in young people living in poorer neighbourhoods of Catalonia, Spain: a difference in differences study

“…The first is that it is a regressive, discriminatory measure: nonetheless, the higher prevalence of consumption in low-income Spanish families [3] and the intensity of response observed in this study, which targeted neighbourhoods with the lowest income per capita in Madrid and Barcelona, may well translate as future health benefits for the more underprivileged population [48] if, as observed in low-income neighborhoods of Berkley after 3 years of the SSBs tax, the reduction in frequency of consumption persist over time [49]. The fall in frequency of regular consumers of SSBs in the Spanish child and adolescent population during the economic crisis was 2 to 3 times sharper in the low-income stratum, among which the percentage of daily consumers fell by 50%, an impact similar to that detected in our study [3]. The second argument against the tax is that any effect may be offset by increased consumption of similar products, such as own-brand beverages or less healthy products.…”

“…The prevalence of obesity among the Spanish population has risen progressively in recent decades [1], reaching figures of over 20% in adults [2] and around 10% in children [3]. High body mass index is the leading cause of disease burden in Spain, being responsible for more than 10% of disability-adjusted life years, essentially due to its association with cardiovascular diseases, several types of cancer, and metabolic and endocrine diseases [4].…”

“…As with obesity, here in Spain SSB consumption displays an inverse gradient with socio-economic level. According to data drawn from the 2012 National Health Survey, the daily percentage of SSB consumers in the lower socio-economic stratum of the Spanish population is two to three times higher than that in the high-income bracket, among adults and children alike [3, 16].…”