Exceptionally high magnetization of stoichiometric Y3Fe5O12 epitaxial films grown on Gd3Ga5O12

Gallagher, James C.; Yang, Angela S.; Brangham, Jack; Esser, Bryan D.; White, Shane P.; Page, Michael R.; Meng, Kyle C.; Yu, Sisheng; Adur, Rohan; Ruane, William; Dunsiger, S. R.; McComb, David W.; Yang, Fengyuan; Hammel, P. C.

doi:10.1063/1.4961371

Cited by 40 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…We note that Gallagher et al . 23 show a STEM/EDX profile across a similar YIG/GGG interface which exhibited an interfacial transition regions of ca. 5 nm (for Gd and Fe).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial Origin of the Magnetisation Suppression of Thin Film Yttrium Iron Garnet

Mitra

Céspedes

Ramasse

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Yttrium iron garnet has a very high Verdet constant, is transparent in the infrared and is an insulating ferrimagnet leading to its use in optical and magneto-optical applications. Its high Q-factor has been exploited to make resonators and filters in microwave devices, but it also has the lowest magnetic damping of any known material. In this article we describe the structural and magnetic properties of single crystal thin-film YIG where the temperature dependence of the magnetisation reveals a decrease in the low temperature region. In order to understand this complex material we bring a large number of structural and magnetic techniques to bear on the same samples. Through a comprehensive analysis we show that at the substrate -YIG interface, an interdiffusion zone of only 4–6 nm exists. Due to the interdiffusion of Y from the YIG and Gd from the substrate, an addition magnetic layer is formed at the interface whose properties are crucially important in samples with a thickness of YIG less than 200 nm.

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“…We note that Gallagher et al . 23 show a STEM/EDX profile across a similar YIG/GGG interface which exhibited an interfacial transition regions of ca. 5 nm (for Gd and Fe).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial Origin of the Magnetisation Suppression of Thin Film Yttrium Iron Garnet

Mitra

Céspedes

Ramasse

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…The data on the films up to 250 nm thickness are in Refs. [14] and [15]. The supplement reports additional measurements of the saturation magnetization, extending the results to YIG films of 1 μm thickness.…”

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confidence: 84%

Evidence for the role of the magnon energy relaxation length in the spin Seebeck effect

et al. 2018

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Temperature-dependent spin-Seebeck effect data on Pt|YIG (Y3Fe5O12)|GGG (Gd3Ga5O12) are reported for YIG films of various thicknesses. The effect is reported as a spin-Seebeck resistivity (SSR), the inverse spin-Hall field divided by the heat flux, to circumvent uncertainties about temperature gradients inside the films. The SSR is a non-monotonic function of YIG thickness. A diffusive model for magnon transport demonstrates how these data give evidence for the existence of two distinct length scales in thermal spin transport, a spin diffusion length and a magnon energy relaxation length. 2Since the discovery of the (longitudinal) spin-Seebeck effect (SSE) 1 , much work has been done to identify the length scales involved in the phenomenon. 2 Using nonlocal detection, it has been shown that relaxation of thermal magnons in YIG is governed by a spin diffusion length. 3The latter is reported to be around 10 μm, and, in some studies, increases to up to 70 μm at low temperatures. 4,5 . This has led to a consensus that the micron-scale dependence of SSE observed in planar geometries corresponds to the generation and accumulation of the nonequilibrium magnondensity gradients in the bulk. These experiments have been modeled theoretically in terms of magnon spin transport only, while assuming that the magnon-phonon processes leading to the relaxation of the magnon energy occur over very short length scales; hence, their effects can be disregarded. 3,5 Nevertheless, it is clear that magnon energy relaxation mechanisms by the phononic environment must be invoked generally for a complete understanding of thermal spin transport, and particularly for the physics underlying the SSE. Indeed, while heaters and thermometers couple to phonons, these must in turn couple to magnons in order to give rise to the SSE in a magnon-based system like YIG. These relaxation processes can be parameterized by the length over which magnon-to-phonon thermalization occurs, and the latter is expected to be a much smaller length scale than magnon spin-diffusion lengths; a theoretical argument can be found in Ref. [6]. Early work 7 defines an energy relaxation length similar to the one invoked here, but without quantifying it. Additionally, phonon-magnon drag has been put into evidence in previous SSE experiments 8,9 , which, again, points to the importance of interactions between magnons and phonons. To the best of our knowledge, no explicit evidence for the effect of this length scale on SSE measurements has been reported to date.Previous articles on thin films using various growth techniques 10,11,12 have shown the SSE signal to increase with increasing YIG film thickness. In this study, we grow a series of 3 Pt|YIG|GGG heterostructures, with YIG thickness varying from 10 nm to 1 μm, using the same growth technique for all films. We measure the temperature-dependent spin-Seebeck effect on these structures and of bulk single-crystal Pt|YIG. The spin-Seebeck signal increases for film thicknesses from 10 to 250 nm and again for the bulk Y...

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“…Similarly a 5 nm thick interdiffusion region with almost zero magnetic moment was detected by PNR [17]. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) studies of YIG/GGG layers grown at 700°C [18] were interpreted in terms of a symmetrical interpenetration of Ga, Gd, Fe, and Y rather than an interdiffusion of specific elements. No asymmetrical interdiffusion was observed in YIG films grown by liquid phase epitaxy [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Role of gallium diffusion in the formation of a magnetically dead layer at the Y3Fe5O12/Gd3Ga5
Korovin
¹
,
Bursian
²
,
Lutsev
³

et al. 2018
Phys. Rev. Materials
45
2
13
0
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We have clarified the origin of a magnetically dead interface layer formed in yttrium iron garnet (YIG) films grown at above 700°C onto a gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) substrate by means of laser molecular beam epitaxy. The diffusion-assisted formation of a Ga-rich region at the YIG/GGG interface is demonstrated by means of composition depth profiling performed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, and x-ray and neutron reflectometry. Our finding is in sharp contrast to the earlier expressed assumption that Gd acts as a migrant element in the YIG/GGG system. We further correlate the presence of a Ga-rich transition layer with considerable quenching of ferromagnetic resonance and spin wave propagation in thin YIG films. Finally, we clarify the origin of the enigmatic low-density overlayer that is often observed in neutron and x-ray reflectometry studies of the YIG/GGG epitaxial system.

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Exceptionally high magnetization of stoichiometric Y3Fe5O12 epitaxial films grown on Gd3Ga5O12

Cited by 40 publications

References 22 publications

Interfacial Origin of the Magnetisation Suppression of Thin Film Yttrium Iron Garnet

Interfacial Origin of the Magnetisation Suppression of Thin Film Yttrium Iron Garnet

Evidence for the role of the magnon energy relaxation length in the spin Seebeck effect

Role of gallium diffusion in the formation of a magnetically dead layer at the Y3Fe5O12/Gd3Ga5
Korovin
¹
,
Bursian
²
,
Lutsev
³

et al. 2018
Phys. Rev. Materials
45
2
13
0
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Exceptionally high magnetization of stoichiometric Y3Fe5O12 epitaxial films grown on Gd3Ga5O12

Cited by 40 publications

References 22 publications

Interfacial Origin of the Magnetisation Suppression of Thin Film Yttrium Iron Garnet

Interfacial Origin of the Magnetisation Suppression of Thin Film Yttrium Iron Garnet

Evidence for the role of the magnon energy relaxation length in the spin Seebeck effect

Role of gallium diffusion in the formation of a magnetically dead layer at the Y3Fe5O12/Gd3Ga5Korovin1, Bursian2, Lutsev3 et al. 2018Phys. Rev. Materials452130View full textAdd to dashboardCite

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Role of gallium diffusion in the formation of a magnetically dead layer at the Y3Fe5O12/Gd3Ga5
Korovin
¹
,
Bursian
²
,
Lutsev
³

et al. 2018
Phys. Rev. Materials
45
2
13
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite