Infinite families of quasi-exactly solvable position-dependent mass Schrödinger equations with known ground and first excited states are constructed in a deformed supersymmetric background. The starting points consist in one-and two-parameter trigonometric Pöschl-Teller potentials endowed with a deformed shape invariance property and, therefore, exactly solvable. Some extensions of them are considered with the same position-dependent mass and dealt with by a generating function method. The latter enables to construct the first two superpotentials of a deformed supersymmetric hierarchy, as well as the first two partner potentials and the first two eigenstates of the first potential from some generating function W + (x) [and its accompanying function W − (x)]. The generalized trigonometric Pöschl-Teller potentials so obtained are thought to have interesting applications in molecular and solid state physics.