For k 1, let p k .n/ count the number of k-component multipartitions of a nonnegative integer n, and let .n/ D P d jn d be the usual divisor function. In this paper, we give a combinatorial proof of the recursive formula p k .n/ D k n n X rD1 p k .n r/ .r/;both for k 1, where p k .n/ is defined as above, and also for k < 0, which requires a subtler approach. This formula was used by Gandhi in 1963 to prove several theorems, which yield numerous Ramanujan type congruences for p k .n/, including some well-known congruences for Ramanujan's -function.