Excavations at Boonies, Westerkirk, and the nature of Romano-British settlement in eastern Dumfriesshire

Jobey, George

doi:10.9750/psas.105.119.140

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The first significant excavation was George Jobey's work at Boonies, Westerkirk (Jobey 1975). The site was somewhat smaller than Woodend, but with banks surviving to a height of up to 2 m. The enclosure was formed from a single bank, built onto the old ground surface within a stone facing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the many internal similarities, the Woodend enclosure clearly differs from Boonies. Boonies had a single bank, built onto the old ground surface without significant site preparation (Jobey 1975). The facing of the inner bank at Boonies denotes considerable labour input to the construction, but is still on a different level to the combined elements at Woodend: the ground clearance of the site, the work-gangs' excavation of the ditch, the construction of three wide banks (and possibly a fourth), and the stone capping of the inner bank.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Excavation of an Iron Age and Romano-British enclosure at Woodend Farm, Johnstonebridge, Annandalw, 1994 and 1997

Banks¹,

Alldritt²,

Duncan³

et al. 2002

PSAS

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Excavations were undertaken at a multi-vallate enclosure in advance of the construction of an extension of the M6 motorway. Geophysical survey and excavation revealed a third bank beyond two upstanding banks. Within the interior, seven separate blocks of superimposed buildings were observed, together with an eighth, single-phase structure interpreted as an animal pen. Artefacts were few, consisting of worked stones and querns, while the radiocarbon dates indicated a Romano-British date for much of the occupation, although the enclosure was built in the pre-Roman Iron Age. Includes separately authored reports on:

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excavation of an Iron Age and Romano-British enclosure at Woodend Farm, Johnstonebridge, Annandalw, 1994 and 1997

Banks¹,

Alldritt²,

Duncan³

et al. 2002

PSAS

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“…Hazel, alder, willow, and birch were all represented in the charcoal assemblage from artefacts, including a penannular brooch, glass fragments, and pottery, were recovered during excavation of an Iron Age enclosed farmstead at Boonies (Canmore ID 67818), 40km south-west of Newton Plantation (Jobey 1975), even though it was not close to any Roman installations. Two fragments of Roman glass bangle from the 1st century ad were found on an Iron Age enclosure site at Uppercleugh (Canmore ID 66774), 30km south-west of site (Terry 1993a: 82), which was located 400m from a Roman road.…”

Section: Laura Baileymentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Sae lofty and wide’

Cox,

Marshall,

Bailey

et al. 2023

SAIR

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Archaeological investigations undertaken by Headland Archaeology (UK) Ltd as part of the Clyde Wind Farm and Clyde Wind Farm Extension construction project produced a body of evidence that tells the story of human occupation and settlement in the Upper Clyde Valley. The investigations conducted between 2007 and 2015 included evaluations, site excavations, and the monitoring of groundworks across four distinct landscapes: Clyde Valley North (Woodend), Camps Valley, Midlock Valley, and Clyde Valley South (Newton Plantation). The results of this work, together with those from specialist studies and scientific analyses, have allowed for a range of key research questions to be addressed. These include an exploration of prehistoric upland activities, the role of pits and special places, and the development of settlement patterns and structures. Evidence for mobile Mesolithic and Neolithic communities was identified across the landscape with indications of the repeated visitation of specific locations. The role of pits in the creation of special places was particularly evident across Camps and Midlock Valleys. In the 2nd millennium bc, the hillsides were transformed by the creation of platform settlements. Enclosed settlements and hillforts appeared along the banks of the Clyde Valley in the 1st millennium bc marking a distinct shift in the role of landscape in expressing status and identity. In addition to prehistoric remains, limited evidence of early historic metalworking and medieval rural settlement was uncovered. Across all landscapes and periods, the themes of transition and transformation came to the fore, painting an increasingly dynamic picture of life in the Upper Clyde Valley. The scale and complexity of the archaeological works also allowed for a review of current methodologies, including the role of an Archaeological Clerk of Works, with implications for future strategies.

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“…Tree cover, particularly on the higher hillslopes, also became thinner. However, much of the region remained densely afforested well into historic times (Birks 1972;Turner 1970) and there is also abundant evidence for settlement in the uplands throughout much of the first millennium BC (Jobey 1971;Condry 1979). This need not have been associated with cultivation, but an unpublished pollen profile sampled close to several of these settlement sites and also adjacent to the group of small cairns on Stanshiel Rig, in the Kinnelhead area at about 213m (700ft) OD, indicated that cereals were grown nearby at roughly this time 3 .…”

Section: Chronology and Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%