Examining Trends of Cigarette Smoking Amongst Syrian Refugees During Their First Two Years in Canada

Mental health outcomes in Syrian refugees: A systematic review

“…Forty-two studies assessed PTSD and trauma-related disorders (Acarturk et al, 2018, 2021; Alpak et al, 2015; Al-Smadi et al, 2016; Aoun et al, 2019; Basheti et al, 2019; Böge et al, 2020; Borho et al, 2020; Cengiz et al, 2018; Cheung Chung et al, 2018; Chung & Shakra, 2022; Chung et al, 2017, 2021; Chung, AlQarni et al, 2018; Chung, Shakra et al, 2018; Demir et al, 2020; Ersahin, 2022; Fuhr et al, 2019; Georgiadou et al, 2018, 2020; Gottvall et al, 2019; Hendaus et al, 2021; Ibrahim & Hassan, 2017; Javanbakht et al, 2019; Jefee-Bahloul et al, 2014; Kazour et al, 2017; Mahmood et al, 2019; Marwa, 2016; McGrath et al, 2020; M’zah et al, 2019; Oda et al, 2021; Powell et al, 2020; Rizkalla & Segal, 2018, 2019; Röhr et al, 2020; Sagaltici et al, 2020; Sengoelge et al, 2019; Sim et al, 2018, 2019; Tekeli-Yesil et al, 2018; Tinghög et al, 2017; Uygun, 2021). The most preferred instrument to evaluate PTSD was the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ).…”

“…Forty-two studies focused on major depressive disorder or depressive symptoms (Acarturk et al, 2018, 2021; Ahmad et al, 2021; Böge et al, 2020; Borho et al, 2020; Braun-Lewensohn et al, 2019; Cheung Chung et al, 2018; Chung & Shakra, 2022; Chung et al, 2017, 2021; Chung, AlQarni et al, 2018; Chung, Shakra et al, 2018; Demir et al, 2020; Euteneuer & Schäfer, 2018; Fuhr et al, 2019; Gammouh et al, 2015; Georgiadou et al, 2018, 2020; Javanbakht et al, 2019; Mahmood et al, 2019; Marwa, 2016; McGrath et al, 2020; Mohammad et al, 2018; M’zah et al, 2019; Naal et al, 2021; Naja et al, 2016; Oda et al, 2021; Okenwa-Emegwa et al, 2019; Poole et al, 2018; Rizkalla & Segal, 2018, 2019; Röhr et al, 2020; Schlechter et al, 2021; Sengoelge et al, 2019; Sevinc et al, 2021; Sim et al, 2018; Stevenson et al, 2019; Tekeli-Yesil et al, 2018; Tinghög et al, 2017; Uygun, 2021; Woltin et al, 2018; Yalim, 2021). The most used instrument was the Hopkins Symptom Checklist 25-items (HSCL-25), and the prevalence of positive screening results ranged from 34.7% to 59.4%.…”

“…Only one study in this review assessed psychosis, and it reported a positive screening of 7.6% for psychotic disorders using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) instrument (Rizkalla & Segal, 2018). Other mental disorders or psychiatric symptoms investigated were psychological distress (Basheti et al, 2015; Borho et al, 2020; Bridekirk & Hynie, 2021; Hendaus et al, 2021; Khamis, 2022; M’zah et al, 2019; Oda et al, 2021; Saab et al, 2020; Schlechter et al, 2021; Sim et al, 2018, 2019), somatization problems (Braun-Lewensohn et al, 2019; Cheung Chung et al, 2018; Chung & Shakra, 2022; Chung et al, 2017, 2021; Chung, AlQarni et al, 2018; Chung, Shakra et al, 2018; McGrath et al, 2020), substance use disorders (Kazour et al, 2017; Oda et al, 2021), and eating disorder (Aoun et al, 2019).…”

“…Other mental disorders or psychiatric symptoms investigated were psychological distress (Basheti et al, 2015;Borho et al, 2020;Hendaus et al, 2021;Khamis, 2022;M'zah et al, 2019;Oda et al, 2021;Saab et al, 2020;Schlechter et al, 2021;Sim et al, 2018Sim et al, , 2019, somatization problems (Braun-Lewensohn et al, 2019;Cheung Chung et al, 2018;Chung & Shakra, 2022;Chung et al, 2017Chung et al, , 2021McGrath et al, 2020), substance use disorders (Kazour et al, 2017;Oda et al, 2021), and eating disorder (Aoun et al, 2019).…”

“…Almost half of the studies were published between 2019 and 2020, and only four had a longitudinal design (Ahmad et al, 2021; Borho et al, 2020; Bridekirk & Hynie, 2021; Oda et al, 2021). Turkey was the top country of asylum in the Middle East, followed by Lebanon and Jordan.…”