Examining trends in non‐fatal strangulation among sexual assault survivors seeking Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner care from 2002 to 2017

Cannon, Lindsay M; Bailey, Joanne; Ernst, Susan; Ivany, Amanda St.; Bevilacqua, Kristin; Scheiman, Lisa; Munro‐Kramer, Michelle L.

doi:10.1002/ijgo.13058

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Sex educators, for example, need to become knowledgeable about choking/strangulation, reasons for engaging in choking, relevant health sequelae, ways that consent may be negotiated, and then create and evaluate educational curricula related to choking and other rough sex behaviors that are prevalent among young adults (e.g., Burch & Salmon, 2019;Herbenick, Fu, et al, 2021a;Vogels & O'Sullivan, 2019). This is particularly important in light of the fact that choking/strangulation appears to be increasing as part of sexual assaults (Cannon et al, 2020;Patch et al, 2021). Young people may benefit from learning how to talk about and negotiate consent related to choking and also how to mitigate health risks if they choose to engage in choking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Choking/strangulation is also a feature of many sexual assaults (especially by dating, hookup, or relationship partners), including among college students, and may be increasing in prevalence (Bult, 2016;Cannon et al, 2020;Kale, 2019;Mcdonough, 2014;Moore & Kahn, 2019;Patch et al, 2021), and causes many victims to fear for their lives (White et al, 2021). Although participants largely described wanted and/or consensual choking experiences, several women in our study described incidents of choking in which they felt scared or wondered if their partner might hurt or kill them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

“It Was Scary, But Then It Was Kind of Exciting”: Young Women’s Experiences with Choking During Sex

et al. 2021

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“It Was Scary, But Then It Was Kind of Exciting”: Young Women’s Experiences with Choking During Sex

et al. 2021

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“…Sexual assault is common in the United States, affecting approximately one in three women (Smith et al, 2018). Non-fatal strangulation (NFS), which is strangulation that does not immediately result in death, occurs in approximately 5.1% to 12% of sexual assaults (Cannon et al, 2020; Mcquown et al, 2016). Identification of NFS in sexual assault medical forensic exams (SAMFE) following assault is critical for several reasons.…”

Section: New Perspectives On Risk Factors For Non-fatal Strangulation...mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Perspectives on Risk Factors for Non-fatal Strangulation and Post-assault Imaging

McKee

Gill-Hopple

Oesterle

et al. 2020

J Interpers Violence

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Strangulation has long been associated with death in the context of sexual assault and intimate partner violence (IPV). Non-fatal strangulation (NFS) during sexual assault, which refers to strangulation or choking that does not result in death, is common and has been associated with IPV and with bodily injury; however, other factors associated with NFS are unknown. The current study examined demographic and sexual assault characteristics associated with NFS among women who received a sexual assault medical forensic exam (SAMFE). A second purpose of this study was to explore factors associated with receiving follow-up imaging orders after NFS was identified during a SAMFE. Participants ( N = 882) ranged in age from 18 to 81 ( M = 28.85), with the majority identifying as non-Hispanic White (70.4%) or Black/African American (23.4%). A total of 75 women (8.5%) experienced NFS during the sexual assault. Of these, only 13 (17.3%) received follow-up imaging orders for relevant scans. Results from a logistic regression analysis demonstrated that NFS was positively associated with report of anal penetration, intimate partner perpetration, non-genital injury, and weapon use during the assault. Results from chi-square analysis showed that among sexual assaults involving women who experienced NFS, those whose assaults involved weapon use were over four times more likely to receive imaging orders compared to assaults without weapon use. These findings have implications for criminal justice, and if incorporated into danger assessments, could potentially reduce fatalities linked to sexual assault and/or IPV. Additional work is needed to ensure that all assaults with NFS trigger a referral for imaging regardless of other assault characteristics.

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“…Strangulation is a method of asphyxiation that results in oxygen deprivation that can result in cell death in vital organs caused by external pressure on either the neck or torso (Pritchard et al, 2017). Nearly 70% of women who report experiencing IPV have reported experiencing non-fatal strangulation (Bendlin & Sheridan, 2019; Cannon et al, 2020; De Boos, 2019). Non-fatal strangulation is an important risk factor for intimate partner homicide (IPH; Spencer & Stith, 2020; Glass, Laughon, Campbell et al, 2008; Thomas et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Non-Fatal Strangulation Victimization in Intimate Relationships: A Meta-Analysis

Spencer,

Keilholtz,

Palmer

et al. 2023

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health crisis across the globe, and one particular act of IPV, non-fatal strangulation, warrants serious attention. Non-fatal strangulation is a risk factor for intimate partner homicide (IPH) and can create long-term negative mental and physical health consequences. In this meta-analysis, we sought to examine factors associated with non-fatal strangulation victimization among women to help inform education and assessment efforts. Using database searches and Boolean search terms, a total of 16 studies met the inclusion criteria. A total of 16 factors that were found in at least two unique studies were examined. The strongest associated factors included physical IPV victimization, physical injury, IPH, and sexual IPV victimization. Other significant associated factors included lower education, anxiety symptoms, perceived risk of harm, post-traumatic stress symptoms, depressive symptoms, stalking victimization, and identifying as a Black woman. Experiencing childhood trauma, the length of the relationship, age, substance use, and identifying as Hispanic were not significantly related to strangulation victimization by an intimate partner. Education and assessment implications are discussed.

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Examining trends in non‐fatal strangulation among sexual assault survivors seeking Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner care from 2002 to 2017

Abstract: Non‐fatal strangulation associated with sexual assault is a public health problem affecting female survivors, especially those assaulted by current/former partners or strangers.

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

“It Was Scary, But Then It Was Kind of Exciting”: Young Women’s Experiences with Choking During Sex

“It Was Scary, But Then It Was Kind of Exciting”: Young Women’s Experiences with Choking During Sex

New Perspectives on Risk Factors for Non-fatal Strangulation and Post-assault Imaging

Factors Associated with Non-Fatal Strangulation Victimization in Intimate Relationships: A Meta-Analysis

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