Examining the relationships between impulsivity, aggression, and recidivism for prisoners with antisocial personality disorder

Martin, Sylvia; Zabala, Carmen; Del-Monte, Jonathan; Graziani, Pierluigi; Aizpurúa, Eva; Barry, Tom J.; Ricarte, Jorge Javier

doi:10.1016/j.avb.2019.07.009

Cited by 46 publications

(56 citation statements)

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“…The association between impulsivity and antisocial personality problems is not surprising given that the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) [ 2 ] also indicates the presence of impulsivity as one of the main criteria of ASPD. However, recent evidence has shown the importance of investigating which specific dimension of impulsivity can place the individual at a greater risk of antisocial personality problems [ 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ]. Our results showed that only the motor dimension of impulsivity (defined as acting on the spur of the moment) was positively associated with antisocial personality problems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These findings are in line with the studies by Umut et al [ 61 ] and Urben et al [ 62 ] that found higher levels of motor impulsivity among individuals at risk and/or with a diagnosis of ASPD than in those without it. Interestingly, it has been recently evidenced that motor impulsivity may be implicated in the recidivism of antisocial behaviors [ 63 ]. In accordance with previous studies, our findings suggested that the behavioral aspect of impulsivity may be more predictive of antisocial personality problems in emerging adulthood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although these personality characteristics are part of the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for ASPD [ 2 ], a key role of impulsivity and low empathy in predicting personality disorder symptoms [ 48 , 49 , 54 , 59 ], including ASPD symptoms [ 48 , 49 , 54 , 55 , 56 ], has been shown. However, impulsivity and empathy are multidimensional constructs, but only a few studies have explored which specific dimension of these personality traits may be more predictive of antisocial personality problems during emerging adulthood [ 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antisocial Personality Problems in Emerging Adulthood: The Role of Family Functioning, Impulsivity, and Empathy

2021

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International research has evidenced the key role played by adults’ and adolescents’ family functioning, impulsivity, and empathy in antisocial personality problems. To date, no study has assessed the complex interaction between these variables during emerging adulthood. This study aimed to explore the possible interplay between antisocial personality problems, the quality of family functioning, impulsivity, and empathetic problems in a community sample of 350 emerging adults. Descriptive, correlational, hierarchical regression, and mediation analyses were performed, controlling relevant socio-demographic variables. Results showed a predictive effect of parental behavioral control, motor impulsivity, and empathetic concern in antisocial personality problems. Moreover, motor impulsivity and empathetic concern partially mediated the relationship between parental behavioral control and emerging adults’ antisocial personality problems. This study supports the recent evidence on the complex relationship between individual and relational protective and risk factors involved in antisocial personality problems during emerging adulthood, with important implications for their intervention treatments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antisocial Personality Problems in Emerging Adulthood: The Role of Family Functioning, Impulsivity, and Empathy

2021

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“…A strong association was observed between impulsivity and reduced thought processes prior to relapse implying that relapse is impulsive and most of the addicts never thought about the effort made during remission. Illicit drugs are believed to raise impulsivity ( Adinoff et al., 2007 ; Perry and Carroll, 2008 ); latter being a trait observed in individuals with personality disorders such as antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) or borderline personality disorder (BPD) ( Jahng et al., 2011 ; Korsgaard et al., 2016 ; Martin et al., 2019 ). Research has shown that up to 23% and 53% of patients suffering from ASPD and BPD respectively are strongly linked to SUD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring substance use disorders and relapse in Mauritian male addicts

Ramsewak

Putteeraj

Somanah

2020

Heliyon

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Background Substance Use Disorder (SUD) places a heavy burden on societal and health systems given its association with high mortality and morbidity rates worldwide, including Mauritius. Illicit substances act as a positive reinforcement and stimulate addiction through its pleasure-seeking attributes. Aim This study focused on identifying the risk factors leading to SUD among Mauritian male addicts as well as examining the potency of those factors in SUD development. The study also aimed at determining the prevalence of relapse and its causation. Research setting A cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of six months using a sample of 180 male addicts registered in a public hospital. A questionnaire investigating dimensions such as risk factors, self-esteem and peer pressure was administered. Findings A high percentage of relapse was noted amongst users within the first year of abstinence. Majority of respondents originated from nuclear or single parents’ family and were deprived of adequate social supports given their marital status. 57.5% of participants had a positive family history of SUD. Cannabis was the most commonly abused substance and 76.2% of the addicts were introduced to drugs through curiosity. Transposing the results against the Gateway Drug Theory showed a constant progression from soft to hard drugs for male addicts, a trend which was consistent with literature. Lastly, a theoretical model was developed based on the strong statistical association found between impulsivity and reduced thought processes prior to relapse; data revealing increased impulsivity which is a common trait in antisocial personality disorder and borderline personality disorder as being largely responsible for relapse. Conclusion The study was successful in bringing out the most common risk factors of SUDs which are linked to low socioeconomic status. The inability of addicts to progress with their rehabilitation given the alarming 92% of relapse was related to social pressure as prime deterrent to successful remission. Programmes involving relapse prevention must implemented in the first year of abstinence to facilitate rehabilitation.

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“…En el caso concreto de la relación entre la psicopatía y el riesgo de reincidencia hay un campo de investigación amplio en el que se aprecia incoherencia. A pesar de que la mayor parte de los estudios realizados en este ámbito apuntan a que la presencia de psicopatía actúe como factor de riesgo de reincidencia (Anderson et al, 2018;Fernández-Suárez et al, 2018;Mokros et al, 2020;Sewall y Olver, 2018;Sherretts et al, 2017;Vasiljevic et al, 2017;Zabala-Baños et al, 2019), otras investigaciones no han podido establecer una relación clara entre la presencia de psicopatía y la mayor probabilidad de reincidencia, e incluso otros han encontrado una asociación negativa entre ambas variables (Foellmi et al, 2016;Harris et al, 2017;Martin et al, 2019;Mastromanno et al, 2018;Rio et al, 2017).…”

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Psicopatía, Agresión y Violencia: un Análisis de la Interrelación en una Muestra de Delincuentes

Hierro

Fernández

Rodríguez

2021

Anuario De Psicología Jurídica

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El presente estudio investiga la relación entre la psicopatía y la reincidencia, así como el tipo de agresión (instrumental y/o expresiva) más característico de la psicopatía. Los resultados han sido obtenidos del análisis de datos recogidos de una muestra de 285 internos en centros penitenciarios de la Comunidad de Madrid, mostrando la relación existente entre la psicopatía y el riesgo de reincidencia, siendo este mayor en aquellos grupos que presentan una puntuación moderada o elevada en aquella. Además, nuestros resultados indican que la agresión relacionada con la psicopatía puede ser tanto expresiva como instrumental, sin que una de ellas sea más característica que la otra, aunque su relación más significativa se da en los niveles moderados y altos de psicopatía.

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Examining the relationships between impulsivity, aggression, and recidivism for prisoners with antisocial personality disorder

Cited by 46 publications

References 80 publications

Antisocial Personality Problems in Emerging Adulthood: The Role of Family Functioning, Impulsivity, and Empathy

Antisocial Personality Problems in Emerging Adulthood: The Role of Family Functioning, Impulsivity, and Empathy

Exploring substance use disorders and relapse in Mauritian male addicts

Psicopatía, Agresión y Violencia: un Análisis de la Interrelación en una Muestra de Delincuentes

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