Examining the factors and vulnerabilities of children on the streets in Rajshahi city of Bangladesh

Osmani, Ataul Gani; Hossain, Md. Elias

doi:10.1080/17450128.2020.1811440

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The body of literature on streetism fundamentally relates the phenomenon of child streetism to poverty, especially in developing countries (Ndulor, 2022; Ogan, 2021; Ogunkan & Adeboyejo, 2014; Osmani & Hossain, 2020). Not only is poverty the single most compelling cause of child streetism, it also has a multiplier effect on other factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A multisource analysis of child streetism in Nigerian urban centres

Ogunkan

2023

Development Policy Review

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MotivationChild streetism, a concept that describes the desperate situations of children working, living or surviving on the street, is a complex phenomenon and one of the challenges posed by urban poverty worldwide.PurposeThe rising number of studies on street children in Nigerian urban centres over the last 10 years offers evidence to formulate new policies to address this worldwide problem. This article summarizes the determinants of child streetism, the risks associated with it (violence, street gangsterism, drugs and substance use) and the intervention policies and programmes for street children in Nigeria.Methods and approachThe article is based on a textual narrative synthesis analysis of the relevant literature published between 2012 and 2023.FindingsThe analysis of the literature shows that street children are involved in harmful and risky behaviours and are trapped in a cycle of abuse and poverty. Interventions to help street children are generally hampered by a lack of understanding of the causes, impacts, situations, and general characteristics. The literature suggests that the most successful interventions typically capitalize on people's strengths, incorporate elements of participation, self‐help, and mutual support, and take the least stigmatizing approach.Policy implicationsChild streetism is an expression of a complicated web of determinants that require structural solutions. Any policy addressing the problem of child streetism must consider the phenomenon as a product of several complex and interrelated factors. Of these, uncontrolled urbanization, poor urban planning and management, and poverty are the most obvious.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Socioeconomic Determinantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multisource analysis of child streetism in Nigerian urban centres

Ogunkan

2023

Development Policy Review

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“…Rajshahi has achieved a good reputation at home and abroad as a green city (Osmani and Hossain, 2020), a cle-an city, a city of light and a city of clean air. But in various reports of 2022, Rajshahi City has been called the 4 th most noisepolluted city (Khan and Ahmed, 2023) in the world.…”

Section: Noise Pollution Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Environmental Noise Pollution and Impacts on Human Health in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh

Sarker,

Siddique,

Sultana

2023

indones. j. env. man. sus.

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Noise pollution refers to excessive, unwanted, or disruptive sound in the environment. It can originate from various sources, such as road traffic, air traffic, railways, construction, using loudspeakers, industrial operations, and even household appliances. The purpose of the study was to review noise pollution and its effects on human health in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh. Most of the studies identified that the main source of noise pollution in the city is road traffic noise. The city is at a crossroads with prominent national as well as educational institutions like Rajshahi University, Rajshahi College, Varendra Museum, Bank of Padma River, Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology, Hospital and Diagnostic Centre, BSCIC Industry, and numerous other educational institutions. All studies showed that noise pollution levels higher than the recommended acceptable limits were detected in various areas. Exposure to high levels of noise causes stress on human health, such as auditory, hearing, and nervous system damage, reducing productivity, insomnia, sexual impotency, respiratory, cardio-vascular, neurological, and outing damages, and limiting human life. It is recommended that affected sites develop a practical management approach for reducing noise pollution.

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“…One of the main discriminations is the lack of access to essential services and basic needs such as health care and education. Studies in different countries, including Indonesia, Bangladesh, Nepal, and several African countries, reveal that discrimination subjects street children to hunger, malnutrition, body pains, sickness, and exhaustion; furthermore, they are frequently exposed to injuries, burns, accidents, and polluted environments, and they also experience lower academic achievement [ 10 , 11 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. In terms of mental health, evidence from Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Vietnam, South Africa, and India shows that street children experience poor mental health and face challenges such as high levels of stress, anti-social behavior, anxiety, aggression, and depression [ 6 , 11 , 21 , 26 , 27 , 28 ], and they consume drugs and alcohol [ 11 , 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Street Children in Iran: What Are Their Living and Working Conditions? Findings from a Survey in Six Major Cities

Vameghi

Roshanfekr

Harouni

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Street children are among the most marginalized children, globally, who experience severe violations of their rights and face multiple deprivations. This study aimed to describe street children’s characteristics and working conditions in Iran. Method: This cross-sectional rapid survey was conducted from March to May 2017 in six major cities in Iran. The sample group consisted of Iranian and non-Iranian girls and boys, aged 10 to 18, who worked on the streets for at least one month prior to the survey. Time–location based sampling was used. A total of 856 Children were randomly selected from 464 venues, including corners of streets, parks, metro gates, bus stations, shopping malls, and shopping centers frequented by street children. Results: Findings showed that 90% of participants were boys, 60% were between 10 and 14 years old, almost 50% attended school, 12% were illiterate, and 32% had quit school. Children of Afghan nationality comprised 54% of the study participants, and the rest were Iranian. Of all participants, 85% resided with family or relatives. Most children (75.5%) worked more than 5 h daily, and vending (71.2%) and waste picking (16.1%) were common activities. Street children suffered, mainly, from harsh weather (22.7%), insults and beatings of everyday people (21%), starvation (20.7%), and police repression (15.4%). More than half of the study participants were not involved in intervention programs, and just 7% of them had attended any health education programs. Conclusion: Street children reported little to no service use, which may contribute to poor health. Street children require immediate attention to improve their wellbeing. Decision-makers and academicians should collaborate on intervention development research to design appropriate health and social interventions targeted at street children.

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Examining the factors and vulnerabilities of children on the streets in Rajshahi city of Bangladesh

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

A multisource analysis of child streetism in Nigerian urban centres

A multisource analysis of child streetism in Nigerian urban centres

A Review of Environmental Noise Pollution and Impacts on Human Health in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh

Street Children in Iran: What Are Their Living and Working Conditions? Findings from a Survey in Six Major Cities

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