Examining the Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of a Guilt Management Scale (GMS)

McIvor, Katy; Degnan, Amy; Pugh, Lauren; Bettney, Laura; Emsley, Richard; Berry, Katherine

doi:10.1017/s1352465818000292

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The different aspects of parental guilt were related to higher anxiety or depression of the parents. The association between guilt (with its intensity and with maladaptive aspects of it), depression, and distress has been previously established in clinical and nonclinical populations (Gil-Monte, 2012; McIvor et al, 2019). Some authors suggest that depression can be seen as a hypermoral disorder where increased concern for others (e.g., feeling overresponsible for a depressed mother) is enmeshed with guilt and anxiety from early development and, together with biological factors, can make individuals more susceptible to depression (O’Connor et al, 2007; Zahn-Waxler & Van Hulle, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The different aspects of parental guilt were related to higher anxiety or depression of the parents. The association between guilt (with its intensity and with maladaptive aspects of it), depression, and distress has been previously established in clinical and nonclinical populations (Gil-Monte, 2012;McIvor et al, 2019). Some authors suggest that depression can be seen as a hypermoral disorder where increased concern for others This document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers.…”

Section: Parental Guilt Anxiety and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These internal reactions to emotions can significantly impact the way these emotions are experienced and their outcomes (Ford et al, 2018; Willroth et al, 2023). Recent research somewhat reflected this idea in the context of guilt, showing that people manage the experience of guilt differently (McIvor et al, 2019), but more research is needed to fully understand how individual differences in the internal reaction to guilt are related to its outcomes.…”

Section: Guiltmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parental guilt and children’s internalizing and externalizing behavior: The moderating role of parental reflective functioning.

Shalev,

Sharon,

Uzefovsky

et al. 2023

Journal of Family Psychology

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The immense responsibility inherent in parenthood makes feeling guilty highly prevalent among parents. Such feelings are natural, yet excessive guilt is related to depression and anxiety and could burden parents. Qualitative research suggested that guilt is predominant in parents whose children suffer from behavioral and emotional difficulties, making it necessary to quantify guilt and examine possible resilience factors that could alleviate the aversive aspects of it. In this study, we examined the association between children’s externalizing and internalizing problems and different aspects of parental guilt, assessing whether parental reflective functioning (PRF) would moderate these associations. One hundred six parents of children aged 1.30–9.30 years were recruited from child daycare centers and community clinics. The Parent Development Interview was administered to measure PRF. Based on this interview, we created a new coding system, to quantify three aspects of parental guilt: intensity, reparation, and internal reaction to guilt. Children’s difficulties as well as parents’ depression and anxiety were assessed using validated self-report measures. We showed that children’s difficulties were related to parental guilt, but only when levels of PRF were not high. Specifically, internalizing problems were related to greater intensity and negative internal reaction to guilt only when PRF was low or moderate, and externalizing problems were related to greater intensity of guilt only when PRF levels were low. These findings suggest that encouraging reflective functioning could reduce the burden of guilt.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The different aspects of parental guilt were related to higher anxiety or depression of the parents. The association between guilt (with its intensity and with maladaptive aspects of it), depression, and distress has been previously established in clinical and nonclinical populations (Gil-Monte, 2012;McIvor et al, 2019). Some authors suggest that depression can be seen as a hypermoral disorder where increased concern for others This document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers.…”

Section: Parental Guilt Anxiety and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Guiltmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parental guilt and children’s internalizing and externalizing behavior: The moderating role of parental reflective functioning.

Shalev,

Sharon,

Uzefovsky

et al. 2023

Journal of Family Psychology

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Culpa por percibirse como una carga. Una variable relevante asociada al malestar psicológico de las personas mayores

Pedroso-Chaparro

Cabrera²,

Márquez‐González³

et al. 2022

Revista Española de Geriatría y Gerontología

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Validation of the Guilt associated with Self-Perception as a Burden Scale (G-SPBS)

Pedroso-Chaparro

Cabrera

Márquez‐González

et al. 2020

Behav. Cogn. Psychother.

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Background: One of the main health-related worries for older adults is becoming dependent. Even healthy older adults may worry about becoming dependent, generating guilt feelings due to the anticipation of future needs that others must solve. The guilt associated with self-perception as a burden has not been studied in older adults, and there is no instrument available to measure these feelings. Aims: To adapt the Self-Perceived Burden Scale (SPBS; Cousineau et al., 2003) for the assessment of feelings of guilt for perceiving oneself as a burden for the family in older adults without explicit functional or cognitive impairment. Method: Participants were 298 older adults living independently in the community. Participants completed the assessment protocol, which included measures of guilt associated with self-perception as a burden, depressive and anxious symptomatology, self-perceived burden, and sociodemographic information. Results: Results from exploratory, parallel and confirmatory factor analyses suggest that the scale, named Guilt associated with Self-Perception as a Burden Scale (G-SPBS), has a unidimensional structure, explaining 57.04% of the variance of guilt. Good reliability was found (Cronbach’s alpha = .94). The results revealed significant (p < .01) positive associations with depressive and anxious symptomatology. Discussion: These findings suggest that the G-SPBS shows good psychometric properties which endorse its use with healthy community older adults. Also, guilt associated with perceiving oneself as a burden seems to be a relevant variable that can contribute to improving our understanding of psychological distress in older adults.

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Examining the Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of a Guilt Management Scale (GMS)

Abstract: This paper provides preliminary evidence for the psychometric properties of the GMS in a non-clinical sample. With development and validation in clinical samples, the GMS could be used to inform psychological formulations of guilt and assess therapy outcomes.

Cited by 3 publications

References 55 publications

Parental guilt and children’s internalizing and externalizing behavior: The moderating role of parental reflective functioning.

Parental guilt and children’s internalizing and externalizing behavior: The moderating role of parental reflective functioning.

Culpa por percibirse como una carga. Una variable relevante asociada al malestar psicológico de las personas mayores

Validation of the Guilt associated with Self-Perception as a Burden Scale (G-SPBS)

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